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Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) is a cross-platform messaging solution that lets you reliably send messages at no cost.

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Key capabilities
How does it work?
Implementation path
Essential documentation

Using FCM, you can notify a client app that new email or other data is available to sync. You can send notification messages to drive user re-engagement and retention. For use cases such as instant messaging, a message can transfer a payload of up to 4000 bytes to a client app.

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Key capabilities

Send notification messages or data messages Send notification messages that are displayed to your user. Or send data messages and determine completely what happens in your application code. See . Versatile message targeting Distribute messages to your client app in any of 3 ways—to single devices, to groups of devices, or to devices subscribed to topics. Send messages from client apps Send acknowledgments, chats, and other messages from devices back to your server over FCM’s reliable and battery-efficient connection channel.

How does it work?

An FCM implementation includes two main components for sending and receiving:

A trusted environment such as Cloud Functions for Firebase or an app server on which to build, target, and send messages.
An Apple, Android, or web (JavaScript) client app that receives messages via the corresponding platform-specific transport service.

You can send messages via the or the . You can use the Notifications composer for testing and to send marketing or engagement messages using powerful built-in targeting and analytics or custom imported segments.

See the architectural overview for more detail and important information about the components of FCM.

Implementation path

Set up the FCM SDK Set up Firebase and FCM on your app according to the setup instructions for your platform. Develop your client app Add message handling, topic subscription logic, or other optional features to your client app. During the development, you can easily send test messages from the Notifications composer. Develop your app server Decide whether you want to use the Firebase Admin SDK or the server protocol to create your sending logic—logic to authenticate, build send requests, handle responses, and so on. Then build out the logic in your trusted environment.

Next steps

Run the Android or iOS Quickstart sample. These samples let you run and review code to send a test message to a single device using the Firebase console.
Try the tutorials for Android or iOS.
Add Firebase Cloud Messaging to your Android, Apple, or Web app.
Set up your trusted environment where you'll build and send message requests. You can write sending logic using the , and readily deploy that code on Cloud Functions for Firebase or other cloud environments managed by Google. Alternatively, you can perform server development using the .
Learn more about sending data payloads, setting message priority, and other messaging options that are available with FCM.

Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Last updated 2023-12-26 UTC.

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Welcome to the Android developer guides. These documents teach you how to build Android apps using APIs in the Android framework and other libraries.

If you're brand new to Android and want to jump into code, start with the Build your first Android app tutorial.

And check out these other resources to learn Android development:

Codelabs: Short, self-paced tutorials that each cover a discrete topic. Most codelabs step you through the process of building a small app, or adding a new feature to an existing app.
Courses: Guided training paths that teach you how to build Android apps.

Otherwise, the following is a small selection of essential developer guides that you should be familiar with.

Essential documentation

Content and code samples on this page are subject to the licenses described in the Content License. Java and OpenJDK are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Last updated 2023-06-05 UTC.