What is Eriksons theory of psychosocial development quizlet?

Orientation of study

Erikson's theory describes the impact of social experience across the whole lifespan.

Conflict

According to Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, a ______ is a turning point during which an individual struggles to attain some psychological quality. Sometimes referred to as a psychosocial crisis, this can be a time of both vulnerability and strength, as the individual works toward success or failure.

Trust vs. Mistrust Characteristics and Feelings if Accomplished/Unaccomplished

Because an infant is utterly dependent, the development of trust is based on the dependability and quality of the child's caregivers.

If a child successfully develops _____, he or she will feel safe and secure in the world.

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt Characteristics and Feelings if Accomplished/Unaccomplished

Achieving a sense of control and free will

Erikson believe that learning to control one's bodily functions leads to a feeling of control and a sense of independence.

Other important events include gaining more control over food choices, toy preferences, and clothing selection.

Children who successfully complete this stage feel secure and confident, while those who do not are left with a sense of inadequacy and self-doubt.

Initiative vs. Guilt Characteristics and Feelings if Accomplished/Unaccomplished

During the preschool years, children begin to assert their power and control over the world through directing play and other social interactions as they develop a conscience.

When an ideal balance of individual initiative and a willingness to work with others is achieved, the ego quality known as purpose emerges to learn to manage conflict and anxiety.

Children who are successful at this stage feel capable and able to lead others. Those who fail to acquire these skills are left with a sense of guilt, self-doubt, and lack of initiative.

Industry vs. Inferiority Characteristics and Feelings if Accomplished/Unaccomplished

Through social interactions, children begin to develop a sense of pride/confidence in their accomplishments and abilities.

Children who are encouraged and commended by parents and teachers develop a feeling of competence and belief in their skills. Those who receive little or no encouragement from parents, teachers, or peers will doubt their abilities to be successful. (Taking pleasure in own accomplishments)

Successfully finding a balance at this stage of psychosocial development leads to the strength known as competence or a belief our own abilities.

Identity vs. Role Confusion Characteristics and Feelings if Accomplished/Unaccomplished

Formulating a sense of self and belonging

Those who receive proper encouragement and reinforcement through personal exploration will emerge from this stage with a strong sense of self and a feeling of independence and control. Those who remain unsure of their beliefs and desires will feel insecure and confused about themselves and the future.

Completing this stage successfully leads to fidelity, which Erikson described as an ability to live by society's standards and expectations.

Intimacy vs. Isolation Characteristics and Feelings if Accomplished/Unaccomplished

Erikson believed it was vital that people develop close, committed/meaningful relationships with other people. Those who are successful at this step will form relationships that are committed and secure.

Erikson believed that a strong sense of personal identity was important for developing intimate relationships.

Generativity vs. Stagnation Characteristics and Feelings if Accomplished/Unaccomplished

During mid-adulthood, we continue to build our lives, focusing on our career and family. (Establishing the next generation).

Those who are successful during this phase will feel that they are contributing to the world by being active in their home and community. Those who fail to attain this skill will feel unproductive and uninvolved in the world.

Care is the virtue achieved when this stage is handled successfully. Being proud of your accomplishments, watching your children grow into adults, and developing a sense of unity with your life partner are important accomplishments of this stage.

Integrity vs. Despair Characteristics and Feelings if Accomplished/Unaccomplished

This phase occurs during old age and is focused on reflecting/accepting responsibility of one's self and life.

Those who are unsuccessful during this stage will feel that their life has been wasted and will experience many regrets. The individual will be left with feelings of bitterness and despair.

Those who feel proud of their accomplishments will feel a sense of integrity. Successfully completing this phase means looking back with few regrets and a general feeling of satisfaction. These individuals will attain wisdom, even when confronting death.

Trust vs. Mistrust Ages

infant (0-18 months)

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt Ages

toddler (18 months-3 yrs)

Initiative vs Guilt Ages

preschool (3-6 yrs)

Industry vs Inferiority Ages

school age (6-11 yrs)

Identity vs Role Confusion Ages

adolescence (12-18 yrs)

Intimacy vs Isolation Ages

young adult (19-40 yrs)

Generativity vs Stagnation

middle adult (40-65 yrs)

Ego Integrity vs Despair

elder adult (65 yrs-death)

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