Mar. 10, 2022 — Infants whose mothers participated in a mindfulness-based program during pregnancy had healthier stress responses at 6 months old, a new study ... Mar. 2, 2022 — The molecular evolution of placental protein NRK and its function in regulating placental growth has finally been clarified. They elucidated that eutherian NRK regulates placental development by a ... Feb. 23, 2022 — Babies born with congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), due to infection with the Zika virus during pregnancy, are at more than 11x greater risk of dying during the first three years of life than those born ... Feb. 22, 2022 — Women who become pregnant with assisted reproductive technology (infertility treatment) are at higher risk for vascular complications, such as irregular heartbeat and kidney injury, as well as ... Feb. 17, 2022 — Elephant sharks offer a novel perspective on how humans evolved. A new study parses some previously unexplained reproductive ... Feb. 16, 2022 — Researchers have identified a gene linked to fetal brain development and autism. Their work shows that the gene is influenced by the mother's early prenatal vitamins use and placental oxygen ... Feb. 14, 2022 — More than one in two young women between the ages of 20 and 44 who gave birth in the United States in 2019 had poor heart health before becoming pregnant, the study found. Poor heart health puts ... Feb. 14, 2022 — Blood levels of many commonly used antiepileptic drugs drop dramatically with the onset of pregnancy, report ... Feb. 10, 2022 — A new study reveals how prenatal exposure to mixtures of commonly found metals can adversely affect fetal ... Feb. 10, 2022 — Researchers have developed a method for preserving human primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs) and allowing them to replicate without apparent limit while still maintaining their germ-cell-like ... Feb. 10, 2022 — Researchers examined 40 years of respiratory studies from three countries and found that poor childhood nutrition and growth increase the risk of lung disease as an ... Feb. 9, 2022 — A routine prenatal ultrasound in the second trimester can identify early signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), a new study has ... Feb. 9, 2022 — Rapid weight gain in the first and final months of a pregnancy may play a key role in the development of excess fat tissue in children and adolescents -- at least if those children are girls, ... Feb. 7, 2022 — At six months of age, researchers found detectable levels of protective antibodies in infants born to vaccinated mothers. Titers, or antibody levels, were lower in unvaccinated, COVID-infected ... Feb. 7, 2022 — Pregnant women with COVID-19 appear to be at greater risk for common pregnancy complications -- in addition to health risks from the virus -- than pregnant women without COVID-19, suggests a new ... Feb. 3, 2022 — Sleep apnea in pregnancy may increase the risk for brain and behavioral changes associated with autism, especially in males, according to a study in ... Feb. 2, 2022 — In one of the first studies to examine the link between neighborhood characteristics and weight gain during pregnancy, researchers find that pregnant people who live in walkable neighborhoods in New ... Feb. 1, 2022 — Prenatal visits have traditionally focused almost exclusively on the behavior of mothers, but new research continues to suggest that science should be looking more closely at the fathers' ... Feb. 1, 2022 — Asymptomatic viral infections in the first days and weeks of a baby's life are associated with an increased risk of respiratory infections later in life, research ... Feb. 1, 2022 — While COVID-19 disease significantly impacts many pregnant women, the rates of transmission from mother to baby in pregnancy are very low. A new study has demonstrated that ACE-2, the receptor that ... To read the full-text of this research, October 2008 · Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
Adolescent pregnancy constitutes a multidimensional social problem in modern Greece. The purpose of this study was to investigate the trends of teenage childbearing and to determine the relationship between the incidence of teenage pregnancy and immigrant status of the mother. This is a retrospective correlational study. The birth registry of the hospital was examined for a 6-year period, from ... [Show full abstract] January 2000 to December 2005. Information about the age and nationality of the mothers was collected. The hospital under investigation is Tzaneio Hospital, a public general hospital that provides health services to the residents of Piraeus, a large municipality next to Athens. During the study period 4628 women gave birth at Tzaneio Hospital, among which 349 (7.54%) were under the age of 19. The study hypothesis, that adolescent childbearing prevails among immigrant population, was confirmed (P < 0.01). Teenage pregnancy rate remains high among some subsamples of the population, such as immigrants. The Greek government, health professionals, and sexuality educators should all work together in order to confront this problem. Read moreMarch 2012 · Social Science [?] Medicine
The aims of this study were to use data gathered over the course of a 30-year longitudinal study to examine the linkages between economic circumstances in childhood and subsequent developmental outcomes spanning educational achievement; economic circumstances; crime; mental health; and teenage pregnancy. All of these outcomes have been linked with childhood economic conditions and it is ... [Show full abstract] frequently argued that reducing income inequalities will mitigate psychosocial risks of children reared in families facing economic hardship. Alternatively it may be suggested that the associations between childhood family economic circumstances and later outcomes are mediated by individual, family and social factors that are correlated with low family income and contribute to later outcomes. To examine these issues, data were drawn from a birth cohort of New Zealand children born in 1977 and followed to age 30. Declining childhood family income was associated with a range of negative outcomes in adulthood, including: lower educational achievement; poorer economic circumstances; higher rates of criminal offending; higher rates of mental health problems; and higher rates of teenage pregnancy. After covariate adjustment, childhood family income remained significantly associated with educational achievement and economic circumstances, but was no longer significantly associated with the mental health, offending and teenage pregnancy outcomes. These findings suggest that, after due allowance has been made for social, family and individual contextual factors, low family income during childhood is associated with a range of educational and economic disadvantages in adulthood but is not directly related to increased risks of crime, mental health problems or teen pregnancy. Read moreApril 2007 · Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health
Women with multiple pregnancies in adolescence may experience medical, psychological and social complications. Improved understanding of the individual-, dyad-, family-, peer/community- and social system-level risk factors for repeat pregnancy may lead to the development of more effective prevention strategies for adolescent mothers in a variety of settings. Between 1993 and 1996, white, black ... [Show full abstract] and Mexican American adolescent mothers at a labor and delivery unit in Texas were interviewed after delivery and completed written surveys prospectively for up to 48 months. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine predictors of repeat pregnancy within 24 months, using social ecological theory as a guide. Forty-two percent of adolescent mothers experienced a repeat pregnancy within 24 months; 73% of these delivered a second child. Individual-level predictors were planning to have another baby within five years (odds ratio, 1.6) and not using long-acting contraceptives within three months of delivery (2.4). Dyad-level predictors were not being in a relationship with the father of the first child three months after delivery (2.0), being more than three years younger than the first child's father (1.6) and experiencing intimate partner violence within three months after delivery (1.9). Peer/community-level predictors were not being in school three months postpartum (1.8) and having many friends who were adolescent parents (1.5). Adolescent mothers are at high risk for a rapid subsequent pregnancy. Interventions that address the complex and multifaceted aspects of the lives of adolescent mothers are needed to prevent repeat pregnancy. Read moreJune 1997 · Minerva Ginecologica
Methods: A retrospective study of 733 nulliparous women who gave birth at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Bari, in the period from 1-1-1994 to 31-12-1995, was performed to evaluate the outcome of pregnancy and neonatal outcome in adolescents < or = 18 years old. The sample was subdivided into two subgroups; the first of 114 girls < or = 18 years old; the latter ... [Show full abstract] of 619 women 22-34 years of age, and they were compared. Results: We have found a more lengthy term of pregnancy (39.66 weeks vs 39.27 weeks p = 0.008) and a greater incidence of vacuum extraction (VE) in the group of < or = 18 years old (7.89% vs 3.23% p = 0.03). Read moreJune 2014 · Women and Birth
Background: The cultural phenomenon of "teenage pregnancy and motherhood" has been socially constructed and (mis)represented in social and health care discourses for several decades. Despite a growing body of qualitative research that presents an alternative and positive view of young motherhood, there remains a significant gap between pregnant and young women's experience of young motherhood ... [Show full abstract] and current global health and social policy that directs service delivery and practice. Aim: This paper aims to heighten awareness of how a negative social construction of young motherhood influences global health and social policy that directs current community health models of practice and care for young mothers in the community. Discussion: There is clear evidence on the vital role social support plays in young women's experience of pregnancy and motherhood, particularly in forming a positive motherhood identity. This discussion paper calls us to start open and honest dialogue on how we may begin to re-vision the 'deficit view' of young motherhood in order to address this contradiction between research evidence, policy discourse and current practice and service provision. Qualitative research that privileges young women's voices by considering the multidimensional experiences of young motherhood is an important step towards moving away from universally prescribed interventions to a non-standard approach that fosters relational and responsive relationships with young mothers that includes addressing the immediate needs of young mothers at the particular time. Read moreFebruary 2005 · Ob. Gyn. News Read moreFebruary 2001 · Adolescence
This study examined the effectiveness of Baby Think It Over (BTIO; Jurmaine, 1994), an infant simulation program that seeks to modify attitudes toward teen pregnancy and teen parenting. As in the study by Saltz, Perry, and Cabral (1994), the premise was that teens engage in unprotected sex because of a personal fable concerning pregnancy: "It can't happen to me." It was expected that ... [Show full abstract] participation in BTIO, a form of role-play, would encourage teens to acknowledge their own personal vulnerability to an unplanned pregnancy, and provide them with some insight into the experience of adolescent parenting. One hundred fourteen eleventh-grade students participated. After two to three days' experience with BTIO, teens in the intervention group were more likely to accurately assess their personal risk for an unplanned pregnancy than were teens in the comparison group. Qualitative analyses revealed that teens in the intervention group were significantly more likely to produce concrete examples of activities and consequences related to child-rearing than were teens in the comparison group. Findings of this study are discussed from the perspective of the health belief model (Rosenstock, 1974), and suggestions for further research with BTIO are made. Read moreMay 2019 · Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
Study objective: Sexual minority women are more likely than heterosexual peers to have a teen pregnancy, though little is known about origins of this disparity. Our objective was to describe teen pregnancy experiences among sexual minority women and elucidate potential risk factors. Design: As a part of the SexuaL Orientation, Gender Identity, and Pregnancy Experiences (SLOPE) study, in-depth ... [Show full abstract] semistructured interviews and surveys were conducted. Setting: Across the United States. Participants: Interviews were conducted with 10 sexual minority cisgender women, ages 21-66 years, who experienced a teen pregnancy. Main outcome measures: Interview transcripts were analyzed using immersion/crystallization and template organizing style approaches. The themes were contextualized using survey data and organized into a conceptual model. Results and conclusion: Participants first became pregnant between ages 12 and 19 years; all pregnancies were described as unintentional. Half of the pregnancies resulted from sexual assault. Most of the remaining pregnancies resulted from consensual sex with a boyfriend or regular partner with whom the participant reported inconsistent or no contraceptive use. Five primary themes emerged from participants' interviews: (1) sexuality; (2) life history and contextual factors before pregnancy; (3) abuse and assault; (4) reactions to the pregnancy; and (5) pregnancy outcomes. Future research should assess each theme to explore its contribution to the higher burden of teen pregnancies among sexual minority compared with heterosexual women; such data can inform public health prevention campaigns and evidenced-based curricula for health care providers who care for adolescents. Read moreApril 2007 · Journal of Biosocial Science
The aim of this study was to determine the degree to which socioeconomic status is a risk factor for first birth at age 19 or younger in married women in an urban area of Turkey. The research was a population-based case-control study. The study group comprised all married and pregnant women aged 15-19 (adolescent pregnancies) attending primary care centres (144 subjects). Married women between 20 ... [Show full abstract] and 29 years of age, experiencing their first pregnancy (adult pregnancies), were determined as the control group (144 subjects). A questionnaire was completed for each subject during face-to-face interviews. Adolescent pregnancy was more frequent in women from families with a low socioeconomic status, as determined by occupation (class) and income; both were associated with adolescent pregnancy. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified seven factors associated with adolescent pregnancy: exposure to violence within the family prior to marriage; families partially opposed or unopposed to adolescent marriage; secondary school or lower education level; lack of social security; living in houses in which the number of persons per room was over 1; unemployed women; and having sisters with a history of adolescent pregnancy. Read moreApril 1999 Read moreNovember 1996 · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine
To test the hypothesis that adolescent mothers who conceive again during the first postpartum year express more positive attitudes toward childbearing while pregnant than do adolescent mothers who postpone further childbearing. Prospective, cross-sectional, population-based survey. A racially diverse group of 200 consecutively enrolled, poor, pregnant 13- to 18-year-old patients in an ... [Show full abstract] adolescent-oriented maternity program were interviewed to determine why they had not used contraceptives prior to the index conception. The study participants were followed up prospectively for the first postpartum year. The data analysis included t tests, chi 2 tests, analysis of variance, and logistic regressions. The repeat pregnancy rate was 11.5% during the first postpartum year. As hypothesized, those who became pregnant again were more likely to have expressed positive attitudes toward childbearing during the index pregnancy (60.9% vs 39.6%; P = .05; odds ratio = 2.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.96-5.90). In addition, those who conceived again were more likely to have had a prior miscarriage, dropped out of school, abused illicit substances, moved away from home, and reported inadequate family support during the index pregnancy, and were less likely to plan to use levonorgestrel (Norplant) following delivery. The best model for predicting repeat pregnancy included education status, postpartum plans for Norplant use, and miscarriage history. Having a positive attitude toward childbearing during pregnancy was not included in the final model because it did not contribute to the model or affect any of the other parameters in the model. The sexually active teenaged mother who does not use contraception poses a perplexing diagnostic dilemma. The differential diagnosis is a long, complex one that includes ambivalent feelings about postponing future childbearing. This study demonstrates an indirect association between positive attitudes toward childbearing during pregnancy and repeat adolescent pregnancy. Our finding that this association operates through common linkages between maternal educational and contraceptive plans and both positive attitudes toward childbearing and repeat adolescent pregnancy suggests that interventions specifically targeting these underlying causes could reduce the unsafe sexual practices that persist among the participants in comprehensive adolescent-oriented maternity programs. Read more
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