| In the opening case study, Lee and colleagues illustrate the use of which method in cultural research? A. surveys B. experiments C. ethnographic interviewing D. observation In the opening case study, Lee and colleagues explored:A. how Chinese individuals experience depression B. how Chinese individuals experience social anxiety disorder C. how Chinese individuals experience schizophrenia D. how Chinese
individuals experience eating disorders In their analysis of participant interviews, Lee and colleagues identified six domains of affective experience. Which of the following connects to how individuals describe how they experience depression in local terms?A. implicit sadness B. preverbal pain C. centrality of sleeplessness D. indigenous affective lexicons In their analysis of participant interviews, Lee and colleagues identified six domains of
affective experience. Which of the following connects to how individuals combined word phrasing with bodily sensations?A. implicit sadness B. embodied emotional experiences C. centrality of sleeplessness D. indigenous affective lexicons Lee and colleagues identified several cultural differences in the way Chinese individuals experience depression compared to other cultural groups. These include all the following EXCEPT:A. Chinese
individuals place more emphasis upon physical symptoms than psychological symptoms B. many Chinese individuals would be forthcoming to discuss their feelings with a stranger or someone outside of their social group C. individuals linked emotional stress to pain felt in their heart or head D. there is a connection between mind and culture in Chinese depressive experiences You are about to begin a research project. You’ve decided upon your research question and
method and now you must choose a theory. A theory is:A. the method by which you collect your data B. statements or principles that help to explain the facts you gather C. your hypothesis D. the conclusions you draw about your findings Oliver is pursuing a study that explores whether sleep affects academic performance. This is an example of:A. a hypothesis B. a qualitative research question C. a theory D. a method
You are a school psychologist trying to decide the best educational plan for a child with Down’s syndrome? Which of the following would be your best method of choice?A. participant observation B. interviews C. surveys D. case study You are a social psychologist partnering with a cultural anthropologist to study how cultural values connect to college students’ perceptions of cheating in school. Which of the following would be your best method of choice?
A. case study B. naturalistic observation C. participant observation D. surveys You are interested in pursuing a project that explores the factors that mediate how individuals from cultural communities that support an independent an interdependent self influence Malaysian and American beliefs about treatment for mental health issues. Which of the following would be your best method of choice?A. interviews B. surveys C. priming
experiment D. experiment You are engaged in a study that is collecting information from participants that has rich descriptive detail and is situated in particular cultural contexts. You are using an approach in which you engage in face-to-face interactions with your participants. As a category of methods, you are using:A. quantitative techniques B. qualitative techniques C. mixed methods D. experiment You are engaged in a study that is
collecting information from participants that you will statistically analyze to compare group differences. Most of the information you collect will be observable and measurable. As a category of methods, you are using:A. quantitative techniques B. qualitative techniques C. mixed methods D. priming interviews Which of the following is one of the most widely used methods in cross-cultural research?A. experiments B. surveys C.
observation D. case studies You are pursuing a study that is exploring whether peer tutoring has an effect on academic performance. In your study, the independent variable is:A. academic performance B. the control group C. the experimental group D. peer tutoring You are pursuing a study that is exploring the effects of alcohol consumption on reflexes. In your study, the dependent variable is:A. reflexes B. the control
group C. the experimental group D. alcohol consumption Dominick is pursuing a study that assesses whether three-dimensional puzzle making has an effect on spatial skills. He found that the group who did not play with puzzles had better spatial skills than the group that did. One possible explanation for his findings is:A. he may have had some confounding variables B. he did not use enough three-dimensional puzzles C. three-dimensional puzzle making
does not connect to spatial skills D. he did not use random assignment Thomas is exploring whether gender has an effect on spatial rotational skills. Because he cannot randomly assign his participant, Thomas is pursuing:A. an experiment B. a priming experiment C. a quasi-experiment D. a confounding experiment Which of the following IS TRUE about the study that Kitayama, Mesquita, and Karasawa conducted on the relationship between
culture and emotional experience in Japan and the United States?A. they used a priming experiment B. they used a mixed method experiment C. Japanese respondents reported more positive, socially disengaging experiences compared to US participants D. American respondents reported more socially disengaging emotions such as pride in anger What is one advantage to using experiments that no other method has?A. establishing correlational relationship
between variables B. establishing a cause and effect relationship between variable C. construct equivalence D. measurement equivalence Louis is conducting a cross-cultural project on music and memory. He is concerned about whether memory is culturally defined, meaningful, and comparable across all his cultural groups. His concern addresses:A. valid equivalence B. linguistic equivalence C. conceptual equivalence D. measurement
equivalence Angela is conducting a cross-cultural project. She is concerned about whether every item in her survey will be culturally relevant for all her participant groups. Her concern addresses:A. construct equivalence B. linguistic equivalence C. conceptual equivalence D. measurement equivalence As a discipline, psychology is experiencing a replication crisis in part because of which of the following?A. construct equivalence B.
linguistic equivalence C. conceptual equivalence D. sampling Jill is working on a project in which she is exploring the outcomes of a new new educational curriculum on a group of third graders in Singapore. Her ability to extend her findings to all third graders is a challenge to which of the following?A. confounding variables B. external validity C. conceptual equivalence D. sampling Which of the following is an example of
probability sampling?A. convenience samples B. purposive samples C. snowball samples D. simple random samples Which of the following is an example of nonprobability sampling?A. convenience samples B. simple random samples C. random stratified samples D. random cluster samples Which of the following approaches is a unique way to study people’s real life experiences rather than to study artificial conditions?A.
stratified sampling B. cluster sampling C. situation sampling D. convenience sampling James is conducting a cross-cultural project in which his participants are given tasks to temporarily activate the way they think about the world. This is an example of:A. a stratified study B. a priming study C. situation sampling D. open-ended interviews In analyzing the information he collected for a research project, Roberto is
interested in what particular cultural dimensions are responsible for the differences he observed between his cultural groups. Roberto is pursuing which of the following:A. a mixed method approach B. a quantitative approach C. unpacking culture D. qualitative approach In her cross-cultural project, Linda discovers that the moral principle of protecting the vulnerable is responsible for the differences she found in the ways cultural groups process sleeping
arrangements between parents and their children. Protecting the vulnerable is an example of:A. a mediator B. a dependent variable C. an independent variable D. a compounding variable Which of the following is a type of self-report?A. naturalistic observation B. participant observation C. experiment D. survey Siena is conducting a cross-cultural project on three different continents. Her research question involves
the prevalence rates of HIV among romantic partners. Which is the best method for her project?A. interviews B. experiment C. case study D. surveys Elena is constructing a survey. She wishes to use questions that measure attitudes by asking participants to rate their level of agreement. Which type of question is she including?A. forced choice B. open-ended C. close ended D. Likert scale One concern when conducting
research is validity. When you design a survey, you need to make sure you are measuring what you say you are measuring. This concern connects to which of the following?A. construct validity B. item bias C. external validity D. face validity Michele is constructing a survey about friendship. She is concerned that one of her questions is not fair to all of her respondents. This concern connects to which of the following?A. construct validity B.
face validity C. item bias D. conceptual equivalence You are engaging in a project to investigate differences in cognitive skills across several cultural communities. You have selected a standardized Western measure but have concerns that this instrument might not measure cognitive skills across all your cultural communities. This concern connects to:A. structural equivalence B. face validity C. item bias D. measurement equivalence
Max is a member of an interdisciplinary team studying parenting beliefs across numerous cultural communities. The team wishes to conduct interviews in all the participants’ native languages but will need to translate the original measure. Which process will be most beneficial to Max when conversing with participants?A. face validity B. construct validity C. structural equivalence D. back translation You believe there are universal concepts that are
encoded and represented by words that connect to particular concepts. This connects to which of the following terms?A. back translation B. item bias C. bilingualism D. Natural Semantic Metalanguage As a participant completing a survey, you tend to agree with all the survey items regardless of the question’s content. This connects to which of the following biases?A. response bias B. acquiescence bias C. item bias D.
moderacy bias Linda is completing a survey and always seems to select the midpoint between the two extremes. This connects to which of the following biases?A. response bias B. acquiescence bias C. item bias D. moderacy bias Which of the following IS NOT a disadvantage to using surveys?A. they are useful only with literate participants B. they may have translation issues C. they ensure anonymity D. what
people say they do and actually do may not be the same Bruce is a clinician working with a client who is experiencing schizophrenic symptoms. Bruce decides the best plan of action is intensive and extensive interviewing, testing, and observation. Which method is Bruce using?A. naturalistic observation B. surveys C. case study D. experiment Christian was born in Columbia and moved to Argentina when he was a teenager. Christian still practices many
Colombian traditions while adopting those of his new home in Argentina. Christian’s cultural identity would be best described as:A. Colombian B. Argentinian C. bicultural D. multicultural One issue that arises in case studies is observer bias. This relates to:A. equivalence B. item bias C. moderacy affects D. when the goals of your project influence and shape your observations Another name for unstructured
interviewing is:A. self-report B. informal interviewing C. ethnographic interviewing D. structured interviewing You are excited about interviewing one of the chief officers of Google. You are told you will only have 15 minutes with this individual. Which type of interview would be your best choice?A. ethnographic interviewing B. semi-structured interviewing C. informal interviewing D. focus group interviewing Which
of the following types of interviews exercises the least amount of structure and control?A. semi-structured interviewing B. informal interviewing C. structured interviewing D. unstructured interviewing You are the mediator for a focus group interview. You begin with a question to make your respondents feel comfortable before the actual interviewing begins. This is:A. an unstructured interview B. a structured interview C. an
icebreaker D. a mediation You are engaged in a process in which you must transcribe your interview material, select phrases that are similar, and then place these into larger cultural categories. You are performing:A. back translation B. item bias C. statistical coding D. content coding Which of the following IS NOT a disadvantage of interviews?A. translation issues B. transcribing time demands C. the
ability to confirm your observations D. the possibility of cultural mismatch Another term for participant observation is:A. non-reactive observation B. photo voice C. reactive observation D. naturalistic observation The goal of this particular method is to discover folk categories and describe the groups lived experiences from the group’s point of view. It is:A. interviewing B. case study C. naturalistic observation
D. participant observation In this approach, participant observers wish to document cultural practices as they guide people’s everyday experiences. It is:A. non-reactive observation B. photo voice C. holistic ethnography D. naturalistic observation Sydney is studying police perceptions of a neighborhood comprised of individuals who have recently migrated from Nicaragua to the United States. The neighborhood in Sydney’s project
constitutes:A. a diaspora community B. holistic ethnography C. a stratified sample D. a probability sample Which of the following is an advantage of participant observation?A. it is time efficient B. it involves nonreactive observation C. it is objective D. it helps researchers reconcile what people say they do with what they actually do Which of the following IS NOT a disadvantage of participant
observation?A. there is a short time commitment B. difficulties with gaining access to a particular group C. culture shock D. the participant observer’s own cultural biases Sharie is engaging in a project in which she is observing owners playing with their dogs in a local park. Sharie does not interact with the owners were the animals and merely blends into the setting without attempting to control the behavior that she sees. Which method is she
employing?A. participant observation B. naturalistic observation C. reactive observation D. sequential observation Daniel is conducting an observational study in which he is using a pre-prepared list to help him record the behaviors he will see. Daniel is using:A. time allocation B. continuous monitoring C. time sampling D. an ethogram Victoria is engaging in an observational project in which she has selected a
particular amount of time to observe all her participants. This is an example of:A. time allocation B. continuous monitoring C. time sampling D. an ethogram Ted is recording the caretaking responsibilities of fathers in a herding community. He records behaviors when they begin and continues recording until they end. Ted is using:A. time allocation B. continuous monitoring C. time sampling D. event sampling
Carolina is observing children playing at recess. She is focusing upon how much time children dedicate to sports related activities. She is using:A. time allocation B. continuous monitoring C. time sampling D. event sampling Which of the following is an advantage of naturalistic observation?A. it allows you to immerse yourself in people’s daily activities B. it allows you to record unspoiled behavior C. it helps you
verify your observations with interviews D. it helps you establish a rapport with the people you are studying Which of the following IS NOT a disadvantage of naturalistic observation?A. you cannot ask questions to verify your observations B. it is difficult to correlate attitude with actual behavior C. observer bias D. it provides rich descriptive detail of behavior Which of the following IS NOT a visual method:A.
drawings B. visual metaphors C. video recording D. standardized written measures The Metaphor Sort Technique makes use of:A. written metaphors to reveal people’s perceptions B. selected pictures that serve as metaphors to reveal people’s perceptions C. selected emojis that serve as metaphors to reveal people’s perceptions D. the use of Internet characters that serve as metaphors to reveal people’s perceptions You wish to
engage in a project using the method of photo voice. In this project you will:A. use selected pictures to reveal your participants’ perceptions B. use audio recordings of conversations to reveal your participants perceptions C. ask participants to take photographs that document their daily activities in life moments D. use the drawings to reveal your participants’ perceptions Which of the following IS NOT an advantage of using visual methods?
A. they work well in situations where it is difficult for participants to tell you in words what they are thinking B. they help give voice to individuals who have no voice in the real world C. some of these approaches produce permanent copies of behavior in real time D. pictures and visual stimuli used in projects may shape the way people respond and in culture specific ways In mixed methods approaches, researchers use more than one technique. The use of
multiple methods is:A. time allocation B. event sampling C. triangulation D. archival research Emily has an interest in medical discoveries. She has been visiting libraries, reading the diaries of past positions, and looking through historical science journals to help answer her question. She is using which of the following methods?A. survey B. experimental C. interviewing D. archival In their mixed methods study
with Yup’ik girls, deMarrias, Nelson, and Baker studied which of the following activities?A. storytelling B. storyknifing C. fishing D. hunting Which of the following WAS NOT a method that deMarrias, Nelson, and Baker used to study story knifing in a Yup’ik community?A. participant observation B. interviewing C. video recording D. surveys
Which of the following is an advantage of naturalistic observation quizlet?
Terms in this set (4)
A major advantage of naturalistic observation is that it allows researchers to observe people in their natural surroundings.
Which of the following is a major benefit of naturalistic observation as a research method quizlet?
Which of these is a major benefit of naturalistic observation as a research method? The behavior observed in everyday life is likely to be more natural, spontaneous, and varied than that observed in a laboratory.
What is one advantage of using naturalistic observation over the case study method quizlet?
Terms in this set (5)
One strength of naturalistic observation is that it allows researchers to study behavior under conditions that are less artificial than in experiments.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using naturalistic observation?
Naturalistic observation is a valuable tool because of its flexibility, external validity, and suitability for topics that can't be studied in a lab setting. The downsides of naturalistic observation include its lack of scientific control, ethical considerations, and potential for bias from observers and subjects.
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