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journal article PERSONAL SELLING AND SALES MANAGEMENT ABSTRACTSThe Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management Vol. 30, No. 4 (Fall 2010) , pp. 371-387 (17 pages) Published By: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25765011 Read and download Log in through your school or library Purchase article $51.00 - Download now and later Journal Information As the only scholarly research-based journal in its field, JPSSM seeks to advance both the theory and practice of personal selling and sales management. It provides a forum for the exchange of the latest ideas and findings among educators, researchers, sales executives, trainers, and students. For more than 30 years JPSSM has offered its readers high-quality research and innovative conceptual work that spans an impressive array of topics-motivation, performance, evaluation, team selling, national account management, and more. In addition to feature articles by leaders in the field, the journal offers a widely used selling and sales management abstracts section, drawn from other top marketing journals. Emerging topics are addressed through periodic special issues devoted to such cutting-edge issues as CRM and sales force ethics. Publisher Information Building on two centuries' experience, Taylor & Francis has grown rapidlyover the last two decades to become a leading international academic publisher.The Group publishes over 800 journals and over 1,800 new books each year, coveringa wide variety of subject areas and incorporating the journal imprints of Routledge,Carfax, Spon Press, Psychology Press, Martin Dunitz, and Taylor & Francis.Taylor & Francis is fully committed to the publication and dissemination of scholarly information of the highest quality, and today this remains the primary goal. Rights & Usage This item is part of a JSTOR
Collection. Download Kerin Marketing 9e... Chapter 20 Personal Selling and Sales Management Multiple Choice 1. Lee Hsing-Fei’s task at Boeing Company is to __________. a) manage its transactional website to avoid channel conflicts. b) train new salesmen c) develop good relationships with and sell aircrafts to airlines d) design the advertising message for Boeing. e) open representative offices of Boeing around the world Ans: c Feedback: Lee Hsing-Fei made trips to the remote city of Kunming in Southwestern China to develop a relationship with and sell aircrafts to Yunnan Airlines. Page: 559 Learning Objective: 1 2. Personal selling __________. a) occurs when Keith sees an advertisement in Sports Illustrated b) is a one-way flow of communication between buyer and seller c) occurs when Becca sees a character on Friends eating a Snickers bar d) occurs when Girl Scouts ask you to buy a box of cookies e) is not part of the promotion mix Ans: d Feedback: Personal selling is the two-way flow of communication, not a one-way flow, between a buyer and seller, designed to influence a person's or group's purchase decision. The Girl Scout is doing this when selling you a box of cookies. Page: 560 Learning Objective: 1 3. __________ is the two-way flow of communication between a buyer and seller, often in a face-to-face encounter, designed to influence a person's or group's purchase decision. a) Sales management b) Personal selling c) Sales promotion d) Transformational selling e) Marketing management Ans: b Page: 560 Learning Objective: 1 4. Which of the following statements is an example of personal selling? a) A kitchenware dealer demonstrates the company's products to you and your friends in the comfort of your own home b) You purchase an 18-carat gold wristwatch through an interactive computer network c) You watch a product demonstration through a video teleconferencing system d) You purchase a three-year subscription to Newsweek magazine as the result of a telephone call e) All of the above are examples of personal selling Ans: e Feedback: Personal selling is the two-way flow of communication between a buyer and seller, often in a face-to-face encounter, designed to influence a person's or group's purchase decision. With advances in telecommunications technology, personal selling takes place over the telephone, through video teleconferencing and through interactive computer networks in addition to in-person encounters. Page: 560 Learning Objective: 1 5. Which of the following does NOT describe a situation in which personal selling occurs? a) A clerk at the jewelry counter b) A telemarketer selling magazine subscriptions c) A stockbroker using a video teleconference to tell customers about a new retirement plan d) A mail-order catalog featuring homemade candy e) The host of a television home shopping program demonstrating gardening tools Ans: d Feedback: Personal selling requires two-way flow of communication between buyer and seller, often in a face-to-face encounter. A mail-order catalog does not provide a two-way flow of communication. Page: 560 Learning Objective: 1 6. __________ involves planning the selling program and implementing and evaluating the personal selling effort of the firm. a) Relationship marketing b) Team selling c) Personal selling d) Sales management e) Sales engineering Ans: d Page: 560 Learning Objective: 1 7. Sales management is most accurately defined as the __________. a) allocation of funds for promotion and advertising b) recruiting, hiring or firing and training of a company's sales force c) segmentation and selection of target markets to be addressed by a company's sales force d) planning of the selling program and implementing and evaluating of the personal selling effort of the firm e) process of assigning territories and providing appropriate compensation for sales force performance Ans: d Page: 560 Learning Objective: 1 8. As part of performing their jobs, sales managers will __________. a) set objectives for the sales force b) organize the sales force c) evaluate the performance of individual salespeople d) recruit, select, train and compensate salespeople e) do all of the above Ans: e Feedback: The tasks involved in managing personal selling include setting objectives; organizing the salesforce; recruiting, selecting, training and compensating salespeople; and evaluating the performance of individual salespeople. Page: 560 Learning Objective: 1 9. Virtually every occupation that involves customer contact has an element of personal selling in it. According to statistics, about__________ people are employed in sales positions in Singapore. a) 50,000 b) 100,000 c) 130,000 d) 180,000 e) 230,000 Ans: e Feedback : Figure 20-1 indicates there are 234,000 people working as sales people in Singapore Page: 561, figure 20-1 Learning Objective: 1 10. Which of the following occupation contains an element of personal selling? a) Attorneys b) Bankers c) Accountants d) Company personnel recruiters e) All of the above Ans: e Feedback: Virtually every occupation that involves customer contact has an element of personal selling. For example, attorneys, accountants, bankers, and company personnel recruiters. Page: 560-561 Learning Objective: 1 11. Which of the following statements does NOT describe a role personal selling plays in an organization's marketing effort? a) Salespeople are the critical link between organizations and their customers b) Salespeople match company interests with customer needs to satisfy both parties c) Salespeople may play a dominant role in implementing a firm's marketing strategy d) Salespeople monitor investments in R&D and production facilities e) Salespeople are the organization in customers' eyes Ans: d Feedback: Salespeople are the critical link between the firm and its customers. This role requires that salespeople match company interests with customer needs to satisfy both parties in the exchange process. Salespeople are the company in a consumer's eyes. They represent what a company is or attempts to be and are often the only personal contact a customer has with the company. Personal selling may play a dominant role in the firm's marketing program, especially when the firm uses a push marketing strategy. Page: 561 Learning Objective: 1 12. Which of the following statements describes a role personal selling plays in an organization's marketing effort? a) Salespeople are the critical link between organizations and the government b) Salespeople match company interests with customer complaints to satisfy both parties c) Salespeople play a dominant role in implementing an organization's pull strategy d) Salespeople monitor investments in R&D and production facilities e) Salespeople are the organization in customers' eyes Ans: e Feedback: Salespeople are the critical link between the firm and its customers. This role requires that salespeople match company interests with customer needs to satisfy both parties in the exchange process. Salespeople are the company in a consumer's eyes. They represent what a company is or attempts to be and are often the only personal contact a customer has with the company. Personal selling may play a dominant role in the firm's marketing program, especially when the firm uses a push marketing strategy. Page: 561 Learning Objective: 1 13. Which of the following statements describes a role personal selling plays in an organization's marketing effort? a) Salespeople are the critical link between organizations and the government b) Salespeople match company interests with customer complaints to satisfy both parties c) Salespeople play a dominant role in implementing an organization's push strategy d) Salespeople monitor investments in R&D and production facilities e) Salespeople are only part of the organization in customers' eyes Ans: c Feedback: Salespeople are the critical link between the firm and its customers. This role requires that salespeople match company interests with customer needs to satisfy both parties in the exchange process. Salespeople are the company in a consumer's eyes. They represent what a company is or attempts to be and are often the only personal contact a customer has with the company. Personal selling may play a dominant role in the firm's marketing program, especially when the firm uses a push marketing strategy. Page: 561 Learning Objective: 1 14. Which of the following statements describes a role personal selling plays in an organization's marketing effort? a) Salespeople are the critical link between organizations and the government b) Salespeople match company interests with customer needs to satisfy both parties c) Salespeople play a dominant role in implementing an organization's pull strategy d) Salespeople monitor investments in R&D and production facilities e) Salespeople are only part of the organization in customers' eyes Ans: b Feedback: Salespeople are the critical link between the firm and its customers. This role requires that salespeople match company interests with customer needs to satisfy both parties in the exchange process. Salespeople are the company in a consumer's eyes. They represent what a company is or attempts to be and are often the only personal contact a customer has with the company. Personal selling may play a dominant role in the firm's marketing program, especially when the firm uses a push marketing strategy. Page: 561 Learning Objective: 1 15. Which of the following statements describes a role personal selling plays in an organization's marketing effort? a) Salespeople are the critical link between organizations and their customers b) Salespeople match company interests with customer complaints to satisfy both parties c) Salespeople play a dominant role in implementing an organization's pull strategy d) Salespeople monitor investments in R&D and production facilities e) Salespeople are only part of the organization in customers' eyes Ans: a Feedback: Salespeople are the critical link between the firm and its customers. This role requires that salespeople match company interests with customer needs to satisfy both parties in the exchange process. Salespeople are the company in a consumer's eyes. They represent what a company is or attempts to be and are often the only personal contact a customer has with the company. Personal selling may play a dominant role in the firm's marketing program, especially when the firm uses a push marketing strategy. Page: 561 Learning Objective: 1 16. Relationship selling __________. a) makes customer value creation possible b) builds ties to customers based on a salesperson's attention and commitment to customer needs over time c) focuses on creating long-term sales—not one-time customers d) involves mutual respect and trust among buyers and sellers e) is accurately described by all of the above Ans: e Feedback: Customer value creation is made possible by relationship selling, the practice of building ties to customers based on a salesperson's attention and commitment to customer needs over time. Relationship selling involves mutual respect and trust among buyers and sellers. It focuses on creating long-term customers, not a onetime sale. Page: 562 Learning Objective: 1 17. __________ is the practice of building ties to customers based on a salesperson's attention and commitment to customer needs over time. a) Order processing b) Order taking c) Customer value creation d) Relationship selling e) Transactional selling Ans: d Page: 562 Learning Objective: 1 18. Customer value creation is made possible by __________, the practice of building ties to customers based on a salesperson's attention and commitment to customer needs over time. a) conference selling b) relationship selling c) formula selling d) seminar selling e) team selling Ans: b Page: 562 Learning Objective: 1 19. Salespeople at Medtronic, Inc., the world leader in the heart pacemaker market, are in the operating room for more than 90 percent of the procedures performed with their product and are on call, wearing pagers, 24 hours a day. Medtronic sales people practice __________. a) order processing b) order taking c) hard selling d) relationship selling e) transactional selling Ans: d Feedback: Relationship selling is the practice of building ties to customers based on a salesperson's attention and commitment to customer needs over time. Page: 562 Learning Objective: 1 20. How does relationship selling create customer value? a) By expressing periodic concerns about sizes of orders b) By providing discounts based on the length of the customer relationship c) By using a common sales promotion for each sales call d) By identifying creative solutions to customer problems e) By doing all of the above Ans: d Feedback: Customer value creation is made possible by relationship selling, which involves mutual respect and trust among buyers and sellers. It focuses on creating long-term customers, not a one-time sale. Relationship selling emphasizes the importance of learning about customer needs and wants and tailoring solutions to customer problems as a means to customer value creation. Page: 562 Learning Objective: 1 21. With __________, buyers and sellers combine their expertise and resources to create customized solutions; commit to joint planning; and share customer, competitive and company information for their mutual benefit and ultimately the customer's benefit. a) channel selling b) cross-functional selling c) partnership selling d) seminar selling e) customized ordering Ans: c Page: 562 Learning Objective: 1 22. Partnership selling is sometimes called __________. a) transactional marketing b) strategic pairing c) creative selling d) synergistic marketing e) enterprise selling Ans: e Page: 562 Learning Objective: 1 23. IBM has 30 information technology hardware and software specialists, business consultants and engineers working at Charles Schwab, a large brokerage firm, all under the direction of a senior IBM sales executive. They are creating and managing a complex financial planning system that helps Schwab clients with their retirement planning. This is an example of __________. a) transactional marketing b) strategic pairing c) creative selling d) synergistic marketing e) partnership selling Ans: e Feeedback: Partnership selling allows buyers and sellers to combine their expertise and resources to create customized solutions; commit to joint planning; and share customer, competitive and company information for their mutual benefit and ultimately the customer. Page: 562 Learning Objective: 1 24. Which of the following does NOT have a type of sales job? a) Salesclerk b) Outside order taker c) Order getter d) Sales engineer e) Account supervisor Ans: e Page: 563 Learning Objective: 2 25. An order taker is a __________. a) salesperson who specializes in identifying, analyzing and solving customer problems, but who does not actually sell products and services b) salesperson who processes routine orders or reorders for products that were already sold by the company c) salesperson who identifies prospective customers, provides customers with information, persuades customers to buy, closes sales and follows up on a customer's use of a product or service d) person on the selling team who are responsible for obtaining qualified leads e) member of the sales support team who does not directly solicit orders but rather concentrates on performing promotional activities and introducing new products Ans: b Page: 563 Learning Objective: 2 26. A(n) __________ is a salesperson who processes routine orders or reorders for products that were already sold by the company. a) order taker b) order getter c) missionary salesperson d) sales engineer e) team salesperson Ans: a Page: 563 Learning Objective: 2 27. Which type of salesperson would routinely be involved in an industrial straight rebuy situation? a) An order taker b) An outside order getter c) A missionary salesperson d) A sales engineer e) Any of the above Ans: a Feedback: An order taker processes routing orders or reorders (straight rebuy) for products that were already sold by the company. Page: 563 Learning Objective: 2 28. Which form of personal selling has the lowest requirement for problem solving? a) Order taker b) Order getter c) Sales engineer d) Missionary salesperson e) Partnership selling Ans: a Feedback: Order takers generally do little selling in a conventional sense and engage in only modest problem solving with customers. Page: 563 Learning Objective: 2 29. Which of the following activities is NOT typically a responsibility of an order taker? a) Processing of routine orders b) Replenishing inventory of resellers c) Soliciting new accounts d) Answering simple questions e) Completing customer transactions Ans: c Feedback: The primary responsibility of order takers is to preserve an ongoing relationship with existing customers and maintain sales. Order solicitation is typically the responsibility of order getters. Page: 563 Learning Objective: 2 30. Salespeople called outside order takers visit customers and __________ of resellers, such as retailers and wholesalers. a) survey the technical problems b) identify targets of opportunity c) replenish inventory stocks d) investigate materials handling procedures e) discreetly observe personnel management Ans: a Page: 563 Learning Objective: 2 31. Mark works for Hallmark. Included in his job description are the following responsibilities: (1) stock and arrange point-of-purchase displays of present customers—60 percent of his work week; and (2) receive orders from customers and complete the transactions—40 percent of his workweek. What form of personal selling is Whitaker engaged in? a) Outside order taking b) Relationship selling c) Inside order taking d) Order getting e) All of the above Ans: a Feedback: The person's job description involves outside order taking, stocking inventory and routine order taking. Page: 563 Learning Objective: 2 32. Inside order takers are also called __________. a) managers b) directors c) missionaries d) salesclerks e) go-getters Ans: d Page: 563 Learning Objective: 2 33 __________ is the use of toll-free telephone numbers that customers call to obtain information about products and make purchases. a) Inbound telemarketing b) Outbound telemarketing c) Outbound videoconferencing d) Interactive marketing e) Multichannel selling Ans: a Page: 563 Learning Objective: 2 34. Marilyn called the OCBC hotline to learn how to make the most out of the new saving schemes. The toll-free number that OCBC uses is an example of __________. a) inbound telemarketing b) outbound telemarketing c) outbound videoconferencing d) interactive marketing e) multichannel selling Ans: a Feedback: Inbound telemarketing is the use of toll-free telephone numbers that customers call to obtain information about products and make purchases, what Marilyn was doing. Page: 563 Learning Objective: 2 35. When Angela called the toll-free number to order a PC with Barbie theme, she was using __________. a) inbound telemarketing b) outbound telemarketing c) outbound videoconferencing d) interactive marketing e) multichannel selling Ans: a Feedback: Inbound telemarketing is the use of toll-free telephone numbers that customers call to obtain information about products and make purchases, exactly what Angela was doing. Page: 563 Learning Objective: 2 36. When Carrie called the toll-free number to ask about tourist information in Singapore, she was using __________. a) inbound telemarketing b) outbound telemarketing c) outbound videoconferencing d) interactive marketing e) multichannel selling Ans: a Feedback: Inbound telemarketing is the use of toll-free telephone numbers that customers call to obtain information about products and make purchases. Page: 563 Learning Objective: 2 37. On a recent shopping excursion at the local Cheers store, Jim went from aisle to aisle selecting the products he needed. He bought a variety of products, including shampoo, toothpaste, a green plant for his office and several pair of socks. Interestingly, the only salesperson Jim encountered was the person at the checkout counter. The checkout person at Cheers is an example of a(n) __________. a) inside order taker b) outside order taker c) inside order getter d) outside order getter e) missionary salesperson Ans: a Feedback: Inside order takers are also called sales clerks or order clerks. Inside order takers are not actively involved in the creative personal selling process. Rather, these salespeople answer simple questions of the consumer, check out the customer's purchases at the cash register and otherwise facilitate the completion of marketing exchange. Page: 563 Learning Objective: 2 38. An order getter is a __________. a) salesperson who specializes in identifying, analyzing and solving customer problems, but who does not actually sell products and services b) salesperson who processes routine orders or reorders for products that are presold by the company c) salesperson who identifies prospective customers, provides customers with information, persuades customers to buy, closes sales and follows up on a customer's use of a product or service d) person on the selling team who is responsible for obtaining qualified leads e) member of the sales support team who does not directly solicit orders but rather concentrates on performing promotional activities and introducing new products Ans: c Page: 564 Learning Objective: 2 39. A(n) __________ is a salesperson who sells in a conventional sense and identifies prospective customers, provides customers with information, persuades customers to buy, closes sales and follows up on a customer's use of a product or service. a) order taker b) order getter c) missionary salesperson d) sales engineer e) team salesperson Ans: b Page: 564 Learning Objective: 2 40. Which of the following statements about order getters is true? a) Order getters often replenish a retailer's inventories b) Order getters handle orders obtained on inbound telemarketing c) Order getters require considerable product knowledge d) Order getters typically process reorders for products already sold by the company e) All of the above statements about order getters are true Ans: c Feedback: Order getters can be inside or outside. Order getting involves a high degree of creativity and customer empathy and is typically required for selling complex or technical products with many options, so considerable product knowledge and sales training are necessary. In modified rebuy or new-buy purchase situations an order getter acts as a problem solver who identifies how a particular product may satisfy a customer's need. Order getting is expensive. The average cost of a single field sales call on a business customer is about $350. Page: 564 Learning Objective: 2 41. Which of the following statements about order getters is true? a) Order getters often replenish a retailer's inventories b) Order getters handle orders obtained on inbound telemarketing c) Order getters need a high degree of creativity d) Order getters typically process reorders for products already sold by the company e) All of the above statements about order getters are true Ans: c Feedback: Order getters can be inside or outside. Order getting involves a high degree of creativity and customer empathy and is typically required for selling complex or technical products with many options, so considerable product knowledge and sales training are necessary. In modified rebuy or new-buy purchase situations an order getter acts as a problem solver who identifies how a particular product may satisfy a customer's need. Order getting is expensive. The average cost of a single field sales call on a business customer is about $350. Page: 564 Learning Objective: 2 42. Which of the following statements about order getters is true? a) Order getters often replenish a retailer's inventories b) Order getters handle orders obtained on inbound telemarketing c) Order getters need a high degree of customer empathy d) Order getters typically process reorders for products already sold by the company e) All of the above statements about order getters are true Ans: c Feedback: Order getters can be inside or outside. Order getting involves a high degree of creativity and customer empathy and is typically required for selling complex or technical products with many options, so considerable product knowledge and sales training are necessary. In modified rebuy or new-buy purchase situations an order getter acts as a problem solver who identifies how a particular product may satisfy a customer's need. Order getting is expensive. The average cost of a single field sales call on a business customer is about $350. Page: 564 Learning Objective: 2 43. Which of the following statements about order getters is true? a) Order getters often replenish a retailer's inventories b) Order getters handle orders obtained on inbound telemarketing c) Order getters are used in modified rebuy situations d) Order getters typically process reorders for products already sold by the company e) All of the above statements about order getters are true Ans: c Feedback: Order getters can be inside or outside. Order getting involves a high degree of creativity and customer empathy and is typically required for selling complex or technical products with many options, so considerable product knowledge and sales training are necessary. In modified rebuy or new-buy purchase situations an order getter acts as a problem solver who identifies how a particular product may satisfy a customer's need. Order getting is expensive. The average cost of a single field sales call on a business customer is about $350. Page: 564 Learning Objective: 2 44. Which of the following statements about order getters is true? a) Order getters often replenish a retailer's inventories b) Order getters handle orders obtained on inbound telemarketing c) Order getters are the most expensive type of personal selling d) Order getters typically process reorders for products already sold by the company e) All of the above statements about order getters are true Ans: c Feedback: Order getters can be inside or outside. Order getting involves a high degree of creativity and customer empathy and is typically required for selling complex or technical products with many options, so considerable product knowledge and sales training are necessary. In modified rebuy or new-buy purchase situations an order getter acts as a problem solver who identifies how a particular product may satisfy a customer's need. Order getting is expensive. The average cost of a single field sales call on a business customer is about $350. Page: 564 Learning Objective: 2 45. __________ is the practice of using the telephone rather than personal visits to contact customers. a) Cross-calling b) Cold canvassing c) Buttonholing d) Outbound telemarketing e) Lobbying Ans: d Page: 564 Learning Objective: 2 46. Missionary salespeople are __________. a) salespeople who specialize in identifying, analyzing and solving customer problems, but who do not actually sell products and services b) salespeople who process routine orders for products that are presold by the company c) salespeople who identify prospective customers, provide customers with information, persuade customers to buy, close sales and follow up on a customer's use of the product or service d) people on the selling team who are responsible for obtaining qualified leads e) sales support personnel who do not directly solicit orders but rather concentrate on performing promotional activities and introducing new products Ans: e Page: 564 Learning Objective: 2 47. __________ are sales support personnel who do NOT directly solicit orders but rather concentrate on performing promotional activities and introducing new products. a) Inside order takers b) Outside order getters c) Missionary salespeople d) Sales engineers e) Outside order getters Ans: c Page: 564 Learning Objective: 2 48. Which type of sales support personnel concentrate on performing promotional activities but generally do not solicit actual sales orders? a) Missionary salespeople b) Sales engineers c) Outside order getters d) Inside order getters e) Sales managers Ans: c Page: 564 Learning Objective: 2 49. Elaine works for Dell Inc. Her job is to visit companies and meet with staff to explain the benefits of using Dell desktops. Although Elaine is part of her company's sales force, she does not directly solicit orders. Elaine is what type of salesperson? a) An inside order taker b) An outside order getter c) A missionary salesperson d) A sales engineer e) A sales team coordinator Ans: c Feedback: Missionary salespeople do not attempt to make sales directly to clients. Rather, these salespeople call on clients and provide information about the products offered by the salesperson's company. Page: 564 Learning Objective: 2 50. A(n) __________ is a salesperson who specializes in identifying, analyzing and solving customer problems and brings know-how and technical expertise to the selling situation, but often does not actually sell products and services. a) order taker b) order getter c) missionary salesperson d) sales engineer e) sales manager Ans: d Page: 565 Learning Objective: 2 51. A sales engineer is a(n) __________. a) salesperson who specializes in identifying, analyzing and solving customer problems and brings know-how and technical expertise to the selling situation, but often does not actually sell products and services b) salesperson who processes routine orders or reorders for products that are presold by the company c) salesperson who identifies prospective customers, provides customers with information, persuades customers to buy, closes sales and follows up on a customer's use of a product or service d) person on the selling team who are responsible for supervising his or her company's R&D expenditures e) member of the sales support team who does not directly solicit orders but rather concentrates on performing promotional activities and introducing new products Ans: a Page: 565 Learning Objective: 2 52. Ruey Shiang Motorparts Co. Ltd is a Taiwanese company that markets and sells exhaust pipes. Ruey Shiang sends an environmental expert, a safety engineer, a legal representative to explain new regulations and an experienced pipeline expert when it meets with a prospect. This is an example of how Ruey Shiang uses __________. a) order taking b) order getting c) sales functional selling d) sales engineering e) team selling Ans: e Feedback: Team selling is the practice of using an entire team of professionals in selling to and serving major customers. Page: 565 Learning Objective: 2 53. __________ is the practice of using an entire team of professionals in selling to and serving major customers. a) Cooperative selling b) Missionary sales c) Sales engineering d) Team selling e) Value selling Ans: d Page: 565 Learning Objective: 2 54. Team selling would most likely be used by a company that sells __________. a) file cabinets b) washing machines c) dining room tables d) four-wheel drive sports utility vehicle (SUV)s e) numerically-controlled milling machines Ans: e Feedback: Team selling is used when specialized knowledge is needed to satisfy the different interests of individuals in a buying center, such as a numerically-controlled milling machine purchased by a business. Page: 565 Learning Objective: 2 55. When specialized knowledge is needed by members of a customer's buying center, selling companies often rely on __________. a) order taking b) order getting c) need-satisfaction selling d) individual sales people e) team selling Ans: e Feedback: Team selling is the practice of using an entire team of professionals in selling to and serving major customers. Page: 565 Learning Objective: 2 56. DuPont assigned chemists, sales and marketing executives and regulatory specialists to create an herbicide for corn growers that recorded sales of US$57 million in its first year. This type of sales approach is called __________. a) adaptive selling b) missionary selling c) personal selling d) team selling e) formula selling Ans: d Feedback: Team selling is the practice of using an entire team of professionals in selling to and serving major customers. Page: 527 Learning Objective: 2 57. Procter & Gamble uses teams of marketing, sales, advertising, computer systems and supply chain personnel to work with its major retailers, such as Wal-Mart, to identify ways to develop, promote and deliver products. This type of sales approach is called __________. a) adaptive selling b) missionary selling c) personal selling d) team selling e) formula selling Ans: d Feedback: Team selling is the practice of using an entire team of professionals in selling to and serving major customers. Page: 565 Learning Objective: 2 58. FedEx uses teams of sales personnel, "carrier management specialists" and engineering and administrative executives who continually find ways to improve the technology of shipping goods across town and around the world. This type of sales approach is called __________. a) adaptive selling b) missionary selling c) personal selling d) team selling e) formula selling Ans: d Feedback: Team selling is the practice of using an entire team of professionals in selling to and serving major customers. Page: 565 Learning Objective: 2 59. The increasing importance of nurturing long-term and widespread relationships with customers has led many firms to adopt a selling approach that uses several professionals to make a sale and win a contract. This approach is called __________. a) cooperative selling b) team selling c) missionary selling d) account management e) formula selling Ans: b Feedback: Team selling is the practice of using an entire team of professionals in selling to and serving major customers. Page: 565 Learning Objective: 2 60. Two types of team selling are __________. a) conference selling and seminar selling b) augmented selling and integrated selling c) enterprise partnerships and strategic alliances d) cross-functional teams and cross-hierarchical teams e) network selling and matrix selling Ans: a Page: 565 Learning Objective: 2 61. FloNetwork, Inc. is a company that has developed automation solutions for electronic marketing. To sell its system, the company conducts educational programs targeted to the technical staff in a prospective customer's information technology (IT) department. In this situation, FloNetworks uses __________. a) trial close selling b) seminar selling c) conference selling d) sales managed selling e) formula selling Ans: b Feedback: Seminar selling is a type of team selling that involves conducting an educational program for technical people in the buying organization. Page: 565 Learning Objective: 2 62. __________ is a method of selling in which a salesperson and other company resource people meet with buyers to discuss problems and opportunities. a) Conference selling b) Team selling c) Seminar selling d) Outbound telemarketing e) Formula selling Ans: a Page: 565 Learning Objective: 2 63. Seminar selling is a method of personal selling in which __________. a) the company invests time in the eighty percent of its customers that make up twenty percent of its sales to try to increase its market share b) a group of the organization's resource people conducts a product demonstration and training seminar for all major customers c) salespeople and other company resource people meet with buyers to discuss problems and opportunities d) a company sales team conducts an educational program for a customer's technical staff to describe state-of-the-art developments e) a company selling services tries to overcome the problems associated with the intangibility of service Ans: d Page: 565 Learning Objective: 2 64. __________ consists of the following six stages: prospecting, preapproach, approach, presentation, close and follow-up. a) The product marketing process b) The strategic marketing process c) The personal selling process d) The consumer purchase decision process e) Relational selling Ans: c Page: 566 Learning Objective: 3 65. At which stage in the personal selling process does a salesperson search for and qualify potential customers? a) Prospecting b) Preapproach c) Introduction d) Initial canvassing e) Planning stage Ans: a Page: 567, figure20-3 Learning Objective: 3 66. As shown in Figure 20-3 above stage "A" in the personal selling process is the __________ stage. a) prospecting b) preapproach c) approach d) presentation e) follow-up Ans: a Page: 567, figure 20-3 Learning Objective: 3 67. As shown in Figure 20-3 above stage "B" in the personal selling process is the __________ stage. a) prospecting b) preapproach c) approach d) presentation e) follow-up Ans: b Page: 567, figure 20-3 Learning Objective: 3 68. As shown in Figure 20-3 above stage "C" in the personal selling process is the __________ stage. a) prospecting b) preapproach c) approach d) presentation e) follow-up Ans: c Page: 567, figure 20-3 Learning Objective: 3 69. As shown in Figure 20-3 above stage "D" in the personal selling process is the __________ stage. a) prospecting b) preapproach c) approach d) presentation e) follow-up Ans: d Page: 567, figure 20-3 Learning Objective: 3 70. As shown in Figure 20-3 above stage "E" in the personal selling process is the __________ stage. a) close b) preapproach c) approach d) presentation e) follow-up Ans: a Page: 567, figure 20-3 Learning Objective: 3 71. As shown in Figure 20-3 above stage "F" in the personal selling process is the __________ stage. a) close b) preapproach c) approach d) presentation e) follow-up Ans: e Page: 567, figure 20-3 Learning Objective: 3 72. In the personal selling process, a telemarketer who calls and asks the head of the household, "If you were to die tomorrow, would your family be cared for?" is engaged in __________. a) stimulus-response selling b) closing the sale c) prospecting d) order taking e) creating a preapproach Ans: c Feedback: The telemarketer is looking for leads or "prospecting", which is the first step of the personal selling process. Page: 567, figure 20-3 Learning Objective: 3 73. Encyclopedia Britannica pays to have a business reply card bound into magazines adjacent to its advertisement. The ad asks people to return the card for more information on how its encyclopedias can help children do better in school. Encyclopedia Britannica is engaging in __________. a) cold-canvassing b) order taking c) sales follow-up d) gold-mining e) prospecting Ans: e Feedback: Encyclopedia Britannica is looking for leads or "prospecting", which is the first step of the personal selling process. Page: 567, figure 20-3 Learning Objective: 3 74. During the prospecting stage of the personal selling process, salespeople will deal with __________. a) leads, prospects and customers b) leads, prospects and clients c) leads, prospects and qualified prospects d) leads, qualified prospects and competitors' salespeople e) customers, qualified prospects and competitors' salespeople Ans: c Feedback: A lead is the name of a person who may be a possible customer. A prospect is a customer who wants or needs the product. If an individual wants the product, can afford to buy it and is the decision maker, this individual is a qualified prospect. When the individual becomes a customer or client, the process has moved beyond the prospecting stage. Competitors' salespeople are not involved. Page: 566 Learning Objective: 3 75. Which of the following statements describes the major difference between a prospect and a qualified prospect? a) Prospects are more likely than qualified prospects to become customers b) During the sales presentation, prospects are more likely to raise objections than qualified prospects c) There are far more qualified prospects than prospects d) Qualified prospects have not only the need or desire for your product, but they have the ability and authority to purchase it; prospects are missing either ability or the authority to purchase e) The only difference between a prospect and a qualified prospect is that a qualified prospect has purchased your product in the past and a prospect has not Ans: d Feedback: A qualified prospect wants the product is the decision maker and has the ability to buy it whereas a prospect is a customer who wants or needs the product. Page: 566 Learning Objective: 3 76. A(n) __________ is an individual or organization that wants a product, can afford to buy it and is the decision maker. a) opinion leader b) lead c) prospect d) qualified prospect e) gatekeeper Ans: d Page: 566 Learning Objective: 3 77. Mary Lee is a professional salesperson. She earns her living by selling advertising for The Bangkok Post newspaper. In addition to selling advertising to her regular accounts, Mary is responsible for generating new advertising accounts for the newspaper. In order to fulfill her responsibilities, Mary works hard to make sure the potential customers she sells to are qualified prospects. How can Mary know if the prospects she is selling to are qualified prospects? a) Qualified prospects have an interest in buying display advertising in the paper b) Qualified prospects have the money to buy display advertising in the paper c) Qualified prospects have the authority to make the decision to buy the advertising d) Qualified prospects have a need for the advertising, can afford to buy it and have the authority to make the purchase decision e) Qualified prospects read the newspaper daily and recognize that it is a good advertising medium Ans: d Feedback: A qualified prospect wants the product, can afford to buy it and has the authority to make the purchase decision. Page: 566 Learning Objective: 3 78. A(n) __________ is the name for a person who may be a possible customer. a) opinion leader b) lead c) prospect d) qualified prospect e) gatekeeper Ans: b Page: 566 Learning Objective: 3 79. A(n) __________ is a customer who wants or needs the product. a) opinion leader b) lead c) prospect d) qualified prospect e) gatekeeper Ans: c Page: 566 Learning Objective: 3 80. During the prospecting stage of personal selling, a salesperson might be engaged in which of the following? a) Create a desire for the product or service b) Gain the prospect's attention c) Try to find out the customers' important buying criteria d) Use cold canvassing approach e) Stimulate the customer's interest Ans: d Feedback: In the prospecting stage the objective is to search for and qualify prospects using several sources: advertising with a coupon or a toll-free number; exhibits at trade shows and conferences; using the Internet including websites, e-mail, bulletin boards and newsgroups; and cold canvassing. Page: 566 Learning Objective: 3 81. During the prospecting stage of personal selling, a salesperson might be engaged in which of the following? a) Create a desire for the product or service b) Gain the prospect's attention c) Try to find out the customers' important buying criteria d) Advertise with a coupon that includes a toll-free number e) Stimulate the customer's interest Ans: d Feedback: In the prospecting stage the objective is to search for and qualify prospects using several sources: advertising with a coupon or a toll-free number; exhibits at trade shows and conferences; using the Internet including websites, e-mail, bulletin boards and newsgroups; and cold canvassing. Page: 566 Learning Objective: 3 82. During the prospecting stage of personal selling, a salesperson might be engaged in which of the following? a) Create a desire for the product or service b) Gain the prospect's attention c) Try to find out the customers' important buying criteria d) Set up an exhibit at a trade show e) Stimulate the customer's interest Ans: d Feedback: In the prospecting stage the objective is to search for and qualify prospects using several sources: advertising with a coupon or a toll-free number; exhibits at trade shows and conferences; using the Internet including websites, e-mail, bulletin boards and newsgroups; and cold canvassing. Page: 566 Learning Objective: 3 83. Precious Thots is a company that makes gifts and collectibles. When its sales rep is driving through a community on her way to make a sales call, she looks for small independent florists and gift shops. When she finds a retailer she knows is not carrying Precious Thots products, she stops and makes a sales call. The company's sales rep uses _________ to find prospects. a) stimulus response selling b) the preapproach c) cold canvassing d) formula e) closing Ans: c Feedback: Cold canvassing is a form of prospecting in which the salesperson makes a sales call without any previous knowledge of the person upon which the call is made. Page: 566 Learning Objective: 3 84. Louisa wanted to make some extra money, so she went door-to-door in her neighborhood asking people if they had any small jobs that they could hire her to perform. Louisa had no idea of whether anyone had any jobs for her and she picked the doors she knocked on randomly. In terms of the selling process, Louisa was engaged in __________ when she knocked on a door. a) stimulus response selling b) the preapproach c) cold canvassing d) closing e) traffic generation Ans: c Feedback: Louisa is doing cold canvassing, an approach to generating leads. Page: 566 Learning Objective: 3 85. Which of the following statements about cold canvassing is true? a) This approach generates leads in person or by telephone b) It means a salesperson may open a directory, pick a name, and contact that individual or business. c) The refusal rate is high, but this approach can be successful d) Cold calling is frowned upon in most Asian and Latin American societies e) All of the above statements about cold canvassing are true Ans: e Feedback: Cold canvassing simply means that a salesperson may open a directory, pick a name, and contact that individual or business in person or by telephone. Even with a high refusal rate, cold canvassing can be successful. However, cold canvassing is frowned upon in most Asian and Latin American societies. Page: 566 Learning Objective: 3 86. At which stage in the personal selling process would the salesperson obtain further information on the prospect and decide on the best method of approach? a) Prospecting b) Preapproach c) Approach d) Presentation e) Close Ans: b Page: 568 Learning Objective: 3 387. What would most likely occur at the preapproach stage in an industrial selling situation? a) The order getter would make initial contact with the order taker b) The search for and qualification of prospects would occur c) The initial meeting would occur and business would be discussed d) A decision would be made concerning whether the sale was to be a straight rebuy, a modified rebuy or a new buy e) The buying role of the prospect, important buying criteria and the prospect's receptivity to a presentation would be determined Ans: e Feedback: For industrial products the preapproach involves identifying the buying role of a prospect, important buying criteria and the prospect's receptivity to a formal or informal presentation. Page: 568 Learning Objective: 3 88. Identifying the buying role of the prospect would be typically done at the __________ stage of the personal selling process a) prospecting b) preapproach c) approach d) presentation e) closing Ans: b Feedback: The preapproach stage focuses on determining the proper approach and presentation procedure. Page: 568 Learning Objective: 3 89. During the __________ stage of personal selling, a salesperson would learn if her prospect liked to talk about sports before getting down to business or preferred to waste no time with idle chatter. a) prospecting b) preapproach c) approach d) presentation e) closing Ans: b Feedback: The preapproach stage focuses on determining the proper approach and presentation procedure. Page: 568 Learning Objective: 3 90. At the __________ stage in the personal selling process, a salesperson gains a prospect's attention, stimulates interest and builds the foundation for the sales presentation itself. a) prospecting b) preapproach c) approach d) qualifying e) trial close Ans: c Page: 568 Learning Objective: 3 91. In the __________ stage of the personal selling process the first impression is critical. a) prospecting b) preapproach c) approach d) close e) follow-up Ans: c Feedback: The first impression is critical at the approach stage and it is common for salespeople to begin the conversation with a reference to common acquaintances, a referral or even the product or service itself. Page: 568 Learning Objective: 3 92. At the __________ stage in the personal selling process, a salesperson's physical appearance, speech habits, personality and even hygiene will have the greatest effect. a) prospecting b) preapproach c) approach d) presentation e) close Ans: c Feedback: The approach stage involves the initial meeting between the salesperson and prospect. The first impression is critical at this stage. Page: 568 Learning Objective: 3 93. At the __________ stage in the personal selling process, a salesperson begins converting a prospect into a customer by creating a desire for the product or service he or she is selling. a) preapproach b) approach c) presentation d) close e) follow-up Ans: c Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 94. Three major presentation formats exist: (1) __________, (2) formula selling format and (3) need-satisfaction format. a) cold call format b) stimulus-response format c) stimulus-satisfaction format d) stimulus-selling format e) persuasive sales format Ans: b Feedback: Three major presentation formats exist: (1) stimulus-response format, (2) formula selling format and (3) need-satisfaction format. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 95. Three major presentation formats exist: (1) stimulus-response format, (2) __________ and (3) need-satisfaction format. a) cold call format b) formula selling format c) stimulus-satisfaction format d) stimulus-selling format e) persuasive sales format Ans: b Feedback: Three major presentation formats exist: (1) stimulus-response format, (2) formula selling format and (3) need-satisfaction format. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 96. Three major presentation formats exist: (1) stimulus-response format, (2) formula selling format and (3) __________. a) cold call format b) need-satisfaction format c) stimulus-satisfaction format d) stimulus-selling format e) persuasive sales format Ans: b Feedback: Three major presentation formats exist: (1) stimulus-response format, (2) formula selling format and (3) need-satisfaction format. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 97. The __________ is a selling format based on the assumption that if given the appropriate stimulus by the salesperson, the prospect will buy. a) formula selling presentation b) stimulus-response presentation c) stimulus-satisfaction presentation d) stimulus-selling presentation e) persuasive sales presentation Ans: b Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 98. Suggestive selling is a type of __________. a) formula selling presentation b) stimulus-response presentation c) needs-satisfaction presentation d) hard sell presentation e) formalized sales presentation Ans: b Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 99. A waitress at a Japanese restaurant is using __________ when she asks a family if they have left any room for dessert. a) inquiry selling b) suggestive selling c) formula selling d) method selling e) need-satisfaction selling Ans: b Feedback: Suggestive selling, a form of stimulus-response presentation, involves suggesting an initial or additional purchase. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 100. A waitress at a Café Cartel is using __________ when she asks a family if they have left any room for dessert. a) stimulus-response presentation b) formula-selling c) need-satisfaction selling d) consultative selling e) a transactional sales presentation Ans: a Feedback: The stimulus-response format assumes that given the appropriate stimulus by the salesperson, the prospect will buy. Offering the dessert is suggestive selling, a form of stimulus response presentation. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 101. A selling format that assumes a presentation consists of information that must be provided in an accurate, thorough and step-by-step manner to inform the prospect is called a __________. a) formula selling presentation b) stimulus-response presentation c) needs-satisfaction presentation d) hard sell e) straight rebuy pitch Ans: a Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 102. When Tracy went to work as a new sales rep for Xerox, she was told to use the following speech in her sales presentations: "Hello, __(Mr./Mrs. customer name.__, my name is __(your name here)__. I'm calling for Xerox. We carry the best office products ranging from fax machines, photocopying machines, printers...." Xerox instructed Tracy to use __________. a) a formula selling presentation b) a stimulus-response presentation c) a needs-satisfaction presentation d) suggestive selling e) consultative selling Ans: a Feedback: Formula selling is a format that consists of providing information in an accurate, thorough, step-by-step manner to inform the prospect. One form of formula selling is the canned sales presentation, which is a memorized, standardized message, conveyed to every prospect—what Tracy is using here. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 103. A memorized, standardized message conveyed to every prospect is called a __________. a) stimulus-response presentation b) straight rebuy pitch c) canned sales presentation d) regulated sales format e) standardized sales format Ans: c Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 104. Which type of sales presentation would be suitable for an inexperienced, less knowledgeable salesperson? a) Need-satisfaction presentation b) Canned sales presentation c) Stimulus-response presentation d) Cold canvassing e) Assumptive close Ans: b Feedback: Canned sales presentations can be advantageous when the differences between prospects are unknown or with novice salespeople who are less knowledgeable about the product and selling process than experienced salespeople. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 105. Which of the following statements describes a major drawback associated with canned sales presentations? a) There is too little information provided with a canned sales presentation b) A canned sales presentation is difficult for inexperienced salespeople to use c) A canned sales presentation allows little room for customer feedback d) A canned sales presentation is too expensive and time consuming e) With a canned sales presentation, there is a lack of consistency if more than one salesperson calls on the same customer Ans: c Feedback: Although a canned sales presentation guarantees a comprehensive presentation, it lacks flexibility and spontaneity and more importantly, does not provide feedback from the prospective buyer, a critical component of the communication process. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 106. The __________ is a selling format that emphasizes probing and listening by salespeople to identify what prospective buyers are interested in, want and need. a) formula selling presentation b) stimulus-response presentation c) need-satisfaction presentation d) modified rebuy presentation e) straight rebuy presentation Ans: c Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 107. Which type of personal selling presentation is the most consistent with the marketing concept? a) Stimulus-response presentation b) Formula selling presentation c) Need-satisfaction presentation d) Straight rebuy presentation e) Canned sales presentation Ans: c Feedback: The need-satisfaction presentation emphasizes probing and listening by the salesperson to identify needs and interests of prospective buyers. This format, which emphasizes problem solving and customer solutions is the most consistent with the marketing concept and relationship building. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 108 Two selling styles associated with the need-satisfaction presentation format are __________. a) adaptive selling and confrontational selling b) suggestive selling and supportive selling c) adaptive selling and suggestive selling d) adaptive selling and consultative selling e) suggestive selling and consultative selling Ans: d Feedback: Adaptive selling, used by many consumer service firms and consultative selling, which is prominent in business-to-business marketing, are the two selling styles associated with the need-satisfaction presentation. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 109. The car salesman was overheard having the following conversation with a prospective customer: "What type of driving do you do?" "How many people will you usually have riding in your car?" "Maybe, you should look at vans instead of sedans". From this information, you should recognize the car salesman was using a __________. a) stimulus-response presentation b) formula selling presentation c) need-satisfaction presentation d) persuasive selling presentation e) canned sales presentation Ans: c Feedback: The need-satisfaction presentation emphasizes identifying needs and interests of prospective buyers and problem solving. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 110. Bob Doe, known as "Battery Bob" is the sales manager for Duracell batteries. Duracell has lost its market share lead to Eveready and the "Energizer Bunny". At present, Wal-Mart only carries Eveready batteries. Battery Bob has "knocked on the door" for three years trying to get a meeting with the Wal-Mart buyer for consumer electronics products. Last week, she agreed to one presentation of a new marketing and advertising program developed by Duracell to "make mince-meat out of that rabbit!" Based on the relationship developed thus far, Battery Bob believes Wal-Mart requires a unique presentation to convince it that Duracell markets not only a better battery, but that Duracell has the marketing savvy and creativity to surpass Eveready and resume its position as the market leader. Which of the following sales presentations would have the greatest likelihood of converting Wal-Mart into a customer? a) Suggestive selling b) Collaborative selling c) Formula selling d) Constructive selling e) Adaptive selling Ans: e Feedback: Battery Bob should use adaptive selling, which adjusts the presentation to fit the situation, such as knowing when to offer solutions and when to ask for more information. Sales research and practice show that knowledge of the customer (which Bob has) and sales situation (which Bob also has) are key ingredients for adaptive selling. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 111. __________ involves adjusting the presentation to the selling situation, such as knowing when to offer solutions and when to ask for more information. a) Suggestive selling b) Relationship selling c) Adaptive selling d) Consultative selling e) Proactive selling Ans: c Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 112. As a salesperson asks questions about a prospect's transportation system, the prospect says, "What I really want is reliable transportation at the lowest price I can get". The salesperson stops asking questions and pulls out a comparative price list that shows her company's transportation is the lowest priced and most reliable on the market. The salesperson has engaged in __________. a) adaptive selling b) suggestive selling c) formula selling d) consultative selling e) relationship selling Ans: a Feedback: Adaptive selling involves being flexible enough to know when to offer solutions and when to ask for more information—the situation here. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 113. Consultative selling __________. a) focuses on problem identification, where the salesperson serves as an expert on problem recognition and resolution b) involves hiring sales experts or consultants to help an organization in its personal selling efforts c) is the activity involved in team selling d) emphasizes probing and listening by the salesperson to identify needs and interests of prospective buyers e) involves adjusting the presentation by knowing when to offer solutions and when to ask for more information Ans: a Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 114. David’s company sells ironware accessories for home and garden to retailers. The salespeople for David are trained to ask probing questions such as "What are the decorating trends in this region?" and "What are you doing to take advantage of this trend?" This company trains its salespeople to develop a sales presentation style that emphasizes the needs and wants of its retailers. Once key needs have been uncovered, the salesperson is taught to tailor his or her sales presentation so that the retailer can see why he or she should carry the company’s products. David’s salespeople are learning the __________ selling format. a) need-satisfaction b) formula c) stimulus-response d) creative e) problem resolution Ans: a Feedback: Salespeople using the need-satisfaction presentation format ask questions and listen and then build their presentation around the customer's needs as indicated by the customers' responses to the questions—the situation in this case. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 115. Excuses for not making a purchase commitment or decision are called __________. a) rationalizations b) constraints c) objections d) refusals e) qualifications Ans: c Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 116. Which of the following statements should the salesperson use to acknowledge and convert the prospect's objection into a reason for buying? a) "I think I might be able to explain that better to you after showing you this diagram" b) "Yes, you're right, it is lighter, but that is done intentionally to make your work easier" c) "That's true. It does have a shorter shelf life, but that hasn't really been a problem. It is so popular it never gets to stay on the shelf that long anyway" d) "Where did you hear that? Your source must have erroneous information" e) "As I was saying..." Ans: b Feedback: This technique involves using the objection as a reason for buying, the situation with alternative b. Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 117. Which of the following statements should the salesperson use to postpone a prospect's objection? a) "I think I might be able to explain that better to you after showing you this diagram" b) "Yes, you're right, it is lighter, but that is done intentionally to make your work easier" c) "That's true. It does have a shorter shelf life, but that hasn't really been a problem. It is so popular it never gets to stay on the shelf that long anyway" d) "Where did you hear that? Your source must have erroneous information" e) "As I was saying..." Ans: a Feedback: The postpone technique described in alternative "a" is used when the objection will be dealt with later in the presentation. Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 118. During the sales presentation, the prospect interrupted the salesperson's presentation and said, "Wait a minute; this looks like it's going to cost too much". The salesperson responded, "I think you'll be delighted with how relatively inexpensive this program is. I'll address the subject of price in just a moment". Which objection-handling technique has the salesperson used? a) Acknowledge and convert the objection b) Postpone c) Agree and neutralize d) Denial e) Ignore the objection Ans: b Feedback: "Postponing", as a way of handling objections is used when the objection will be dealt with later in the presentation and is described in this example. Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 119. Which of the following statements should the salesperson use to agree with and neutralize an objection? a) "I think I might be able to explain that better to you after showing you this diagram" b) "Yes, you're right, it is lighter, but that is done intentionally to make your work easier" c) "That's true. It does have a shorter shelf life, but that hasn't really been a problem. It is so popular it never gets to stay on the shelf that long anyway" d) "Where did you hear that? Your source must have erroneous information" e) "As I was saying..." Ans: c Feedback: A salesperson agrees with the objection and then shows that it is unimportant with the "agree and neutralize" method, used here. Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 120. Which of the following statements should the salesperson use to accept the objection? a) "I think I might be able to explain that better to you after showing you this diagram" b) "I think you have a point there; do you have any idea how we can improve that situation?" c) "That's completely misconstrued. It does have a shorter shelf life, but I would say it was an advantage because it never gets to stay on the shelf very long" d) "Where did you hear that? Your source must have erroneous information" e) "As I was saying..." Ans: b Feedback: Sometimes an objection is valid. The salesperson should allow the prospect to express those views and attempt to stimulate further discussion on the objection in the "accept the objection" strategy used here. Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 121. You respond by saying courteously, "You're absolutely right and I am going to make it my business to be sure that never happens again". Which method have you used to handle the customer's objection? a) Postponing b) Denying c) Agreeing and neutralizing d) Ignoring e) Converting Ans: c Feedback: The salesperson agrees with the objection, then shows that it is unimportant in the "agreeing and neutralizing" strategy used here. Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 122. Which of the following statements should the salesperson use as a denial response to a prospect's objection? a) "I think I might be able to explain that better to you after showing you this diagram" b) "I think you have a point there; do you have any idea how we can improve that situation?" c) "That's true. It does have a shorter shelf life, but that hasn't really been a problem. It is so popular it never gets to stay on the shelf that long anyway" d) "Where did you hear that? Your source must have erroneous information" e) "As I was saying..." Ans: d Feedback: When the prospect's objection is clearly untrue, it is wise to meet the objection head on with a firm denial, the "denial" strategy in alternative d. Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 123 Which of the following statements should the salesperson use if he wished to ignore the objection? a) "I think I might be able to explain that better to you after showing you this diagram" b) "I think you have a point there; do you have any idea how we can improve that situation?" c) "That's true. It does have a shorter shelf life, but that hasn't really been a problem. It is so popular it never gets to stay on the shelf that long anyway" d) "Where did you hear that? Your source must have erroneous information" e) "As I was saying..." Ans: e Feedback: This technique of "ignore the objection" is used when it appears that the objection is a stalling mechanism or is clearly not important to the prospect. Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 124. John Tan sells Mercedes Benz automobiles. While making his sales presentation to a newly qualified prospect, the prospect said, "John, I would really like to buy the car, but, you know, the price of the automobile is just too high". In order to answer the prospect's objection, John responded, "Sir, you are correct. The price of the Mercedes Benz automobile is high because of what you are getting for that price". John then proceeded to describe the quality of the materials used in the car, the high resale value of the car, the dependability and the prestige associated with the Mercedes Benz. What technique did John use to handle the prospect's objection? a) The postpone technique b) The agree and neutralize technique c) The denial technique d) The accept the objection technique e) The acknowledge and convert technique Ans: e Feedback: In this situation, "acknowledge and convert", the salesperson attempts to turn the client's objection into a reason for buying. This is accomplished by acknowledging the reason for the objection and then providing information that shows the consumer that the reason for the objection is actually a reason to buy. Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 125. What contributes to the success of handling objections? a) A sense of timing b) Appreciation for the prospect’s state of mind c) Adeptness in communication d) The salesperson’s calm and professional interaction with the prospect. e) All of the above Ans: e Feedback: Each of the objection handling techniques requires a calm, professional interaction with the prospect and is most effective when objections are anticipated in the preapproach stage. Handling objections is a skill requiring a sense of timing, appreciation for the prospect’s state of mind, and adeptness in communication. Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 126. At which stage of the personal selling process would a salesperson obtain a purchase commitment from the prospect? a) Approach b) Presentation c) Close d) Follow-up e) Sale Ans: c Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 127. Three closing techniques are used when a salesperson believes a buyer is about ready to make a purchase. They are __________ closes. a) assumptive, trial and presumptive b) presumptive, trial and final c) trial, assumptive and urgency d) trial, final and urgency e) assumptive, presumptive and final Ans: c Feedback: The close itself can take three forms: (1) trial close, (2) assumptive close and (3) urgency close. Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 128. When a salesperson in the computer store asks, "Will that be NETS or cash?" he has executed which stage of the selling process? a) Approach b) Presentation c) Handling objections d) Closing e) Follow-up Ans: d Feedback: "Closing" in the selling process involves obtaining a purchase commitment from the prospect—what the computer salesperson is doing in the example. Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 129. Hallmark sells stuffed animals and holiday gifts. When its salesperson asks a retailer, "Do you want to order the two dozen assorted bears or two dozen white-only bears" he has executed which stage of the selling process? a) Approach b) Presentation c) Handling objections d) Close e) Follow-up Ans: d Feedback: "Closing" in the selling process involves obtaining a purchase commitment from the prospect—what the Hallmark salesperson is doing in the example. Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 130. A trial close __________. a) asks the prospect to make a decision on some aspect of the purchase b) allows the prospect to use or lease the item on a limited temporary basis before making a final commitment of purchase c) commits the prospect quickly by making references to the time limits of the purchase d) makes an exchange of money or other unit of value e) asks the prospect to make choices concerning delivery, warranty or financing terms Ans: a Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 131. An assumptive close __________. a) asks the prospect to make a decision on some aspect of the purchase b) allows the prospect to use or lease the item on a limited temporary basis before making a final commitment of purchase c) commits the prospect quickly by making references to the time limits of the purchase d) makes an exchange of money or other unit of value e) asks the prospect to make choices concerning delivery, warranty or financing terms Ans: e Page: 570-571 Learning Objective: 3 132. At the end of her sales presentation, the salesperson asks, "Will you want to make monthly payments of $75 with a 10 percent down payment or will you be writing a check for the full amount today?" She has just executed a(n) __________. a) assumptive close b) consultative close c) proactive close d) urgency close e) adaptive close Ans: a Feedback: An assumptive close asks the prospect to make choices concerning delivery, warranty or financing terms, the situation here. Page: 570-571 Learning Objective: 3 133. An urgency close __________. a) asks the prospect to make a decision on some financial aspect of the purchase b) allows the prospect to use or lease the item on a limited temporary basis before making a final commitment of purchase c) commits the prospect quickly by making references to the time limits of the purchase d) makes an exchange of money or other unit of value e) asks the prospect to make choices concerning delivery, warranty or financing terms Ans: c Page: 571 Learning Objective: 3 134. Bat Trang sells ceramics for home and businesses to retailers in Vietnam. When its salesperson told the prospect, "For this week only, we will pay the all the shipping costs for new customers", the salesperson was using a(n) __________. a) reactive close b) assumption close c) urgency close d) consultative close e) definitive close Ans: c Feedback: An urgency close is used to commit the prospect quickly by making reference to the time limits of the purchase, the situation described in this example. Page: 571 Learning Objective: 3 135. At which stage in the personal selling process would the salesperson ensure the customer is satisfied with the product? a) Assumptive close b) Final close c) Urgency close d) Follow-up e) Postpurchase Ans: d Feedback: The follow-up stage includes making certain the customer's purchase has been properly delivered and installed and difficulties experienced with the use of the item are addressed, the situation described here. Page: 571 Learning Objective: 3 136. The final stage in the personal selling process is the __________. a) presentation b) assumptive close c) trial close d) urgency close e) follow-up Ans: e Feedback: The selling process does not end with the closing of a sale. Rather, professional selling requires customer follow-up, the final stage of the personal selling process. Page: 571 Learning Objective: 3 137. Sales management consists of three interrelated functions: (1) sales plan formulation, (2) __________ and (3) salesforce evaluation. a) salesforce compensation b) identifying the target market that most closely meets the special skills of the sales force c) salesforce size determination d) sales plan implementation e) salesforce communication Ans: d Feedback: The sales management process consists of three interrelated functions: (1) sales plan formulation, (2) sales plan implementation and (3) salesforce evaluation. Page: 572, figure 20-4 Learning Objective: 4 138. Sales management consists of three interrelated functions: (1) __________, (2) sales plan implementation and (3) salesforce evaluation. a) salesforce compensation b) identifying the target market that most closely meets the special skills of the sales force c) salesforce size determination d) sales plan formulation e) salesforce communication Ans; D Feedback: The sales management process consists of three interrelated functions: (1) sales plan formulation, (2) sales plan implementation and (3) salesforce evaluation. Page: 572, figure 20-4 Learning Objective: 4 139. Sales management consists of three interrelated functions: (1) sales plan formulation, (2) sales plan implementation and (3) __________. a) salesforce compensation b) identifying the target market that most closely meets the special skills of the sales force c) salesforce size determination d) salesforce evaluation e) salesforce communication Ans: d Feedback: The sales management process consists of three interrelated functions: (1) sales plan formulation, (2) sales plan implementation and (3) salesforce evaluation. Page: 572, figure 20-4 Learning Objective: 4 140. A sales plan is a(n) __________. a) method of determining a fair and equitable compensation plan that considers more than simply sales revenue; it includes a weighted system for different types of items or different sized territories to cover b) method of identifying the target market that most closely meets the special skills of the sales force c) formula-based method for determining the size of a sales force that integrates the number of customers served, call frequency, call length and available selling time to arrive at a sales force size figure d) statement describing what is to be achieved and where and how the selling effort of salespeople is to be deployed e) evaluation methodology that specifies times and places for direct communications between salespeople and their supervisor Ans: d Page: 572 Learning Objective: 4 141. Formulating the sales plan involves three tasks. The first step is setting objectives. It is followed by __________ and developing account management policies. a) hiring sales reps b) developing the marketing plan c) establishing the budget d) organizing the sales force e) strategic planning Ans: d Feedback: Sales plan formulation involves three tasks: (1) setting objectives, (2) organizing the salesforce and (3) developing account management policies. Page: 572, figure 20-4 Learning Objective: 4 142. Which of the following tasks are involved in the formulation stage of the sales management process? a) Recruiting and selecting the sales force, training the sales force and compensating the sales force b) Developing account management policies, implementing the account management policies, correcting the account management policies c) Setting sales objectives, organizing the sales force and developing account management policies d) Organizing the sales force, quantitative assessment and follow-up e) Organizing the sales force, setting motivational sales quotas and evaluating the individual members of the sales force Ans: c Feedback: Sales plan formulation involves three tasks: (1) setting objectives, (2) organizing the salesforce and (3) developing account management policies. Page: 572, figure 20-4 Learning Objective: 4 143. Output-related sales objectives focus on __________. a) dollar or unit sales volume b) product knowledge c) number of sales calls d) sales expenses e) selling and communication skills Ans: a Feedback: Output-related sales objectives focus on dollar or unit sales volume, number of new customers added and profit. Page: 572 Learning Objective: 4 144. The sales manager told the salesperson, "Your goal is to increase sales volume for the second quarter 5 percent over the sales volume of the first quarter". The sales manager used a __________ sales objective. a) output-related b) input-related c) behavior-related d) cold-call related e) market-related Ans: a Feedback: Output-related sales objectives focus on dollar or unit sales volume, number of new customers added and profit. Page: 572 Learning Objective: 4 145. The sales manager instructed the salesperson to "make five hundred customer contacts between January 1st and July 1st". The sales manager used a(n) __________ sales objective. a) output-related b) input-related c) behavior-related d) comprehensive e) market-related Ans: b Feedback: Input-related sales objectives emphasize the number of sales calls and selling expenses. Page: 572 Learning Objective: 4 146. Which of the following is an area of a behaviorally-related sales objective? a) To improve communication skills b) To increase product knowledge c) To improve selling skills d) To provide a higher level of customer service e) All of the above Ans: e Feedback: Behaviorally related objectives are specific for each salesperson and include product knowledge, customer service and selling and communication skills. Page: 572 Learning Objective: 4 147. An effective sales plan objective should be __________. a) precise, measurable, time specific b) general, measurable and flexible c) profitable, subjective and measurable d) precise, profitable and flexible e) general, flexible and profitable Ans: a Feedback: Whatever objectives are set, they should be precise and measurable and specify the time period over which they are to be achieved. Page: 572 Learning Objective: 4 148. Research indicates that 25% of U.S. salespeople engaged in __________ selling consider it unethical to explicitly ask customers about competitor strategies such as pricing practices, product development efforts and trade and promotion programs. a) order-taking b) business-to-business c) trial-close d) missionary e) partnership Ans: b Feedback: Asking about competitors' strategies is a potential problem especially in business-to-business selling where close customer-salesperson relationships often develop. Page: 573 Learning Objective: 4 149. An insurance company is considering using independent sales agents who would receive 7 percent sales commission on sales or its own insurance salespeople who would receive 5 percent commission, salaries and benefits. Additionally, with a company sales force, sales administration costs would be incurred for a total fixed cost of $650,000 per year. At what level of sales would independent salespeople be less costly? a) $650,000 b) $5,416,667 c) $32,500,000 d) $35,200,000 e) Cannot be calculated given the information provided Ans: c Feedback: This figure results from equating the two options to one another as follows: Total cost of company salespeople = Total cost of independent agents [0.05(X)] + $650,000] = 0.07(X) where X = sales volume. Solving for X, sales volume equals $32.5 million, indicating that below $32.5 million in sales independent agents would be cheaper, but above $32.5 million a company salesforce would be cheaper. Page: 573 Learning Objective: 4 150. According to the text, if a company chooses to employ its own salesforce, the three organizational sales force structures available are based on __________. a) dollar volume, geography and customer b) geography, customer and product c) geography, market size and product d) market size, product and customer e) dollar volume, market size and product Ans: b Feedback: If a company elects to employ its own salespeople, then it must choose an organizational structure based on (1) geography, (2) customer or (3) product. Page: 573, figure 20-6 Learning Objective: 4 151. The office memo read, "Sales representatives from Singapore, Hong Kong and Beijing will report directly to the regional manager". From this information, it would appear the company that issued the memo uses a ___________ organization for its sales force. a) profit b) customer c) product d) geographical e) market Ans: d Feedback: Geographical sales organization takes a total area on the globe such as the United States and divides it into regions and then divides each region into districts or territories, the situation described in the example. Page: 573 Learning Objective: 4 152. Which salesforce structure is the simplest form of organization? a) Profit b) Customer c) Product d) Geographical e) Market Ans: d Feedback: A geographical structure is the simplest organization where a total area on the globe such as the United States and is divided into regions and then each region is divided into districts or territories. Page: 573 Learning Objective: 4 153. Which sales force organizational structure requires specialized customer knowledge? a) Management b) Customer c) Product d) Geographical e) Market Ans: b Feedback: When different types of buyers have different needs, a customer sales organizational structure is used. The rationale for this approach is that more effective, specialized customer support and knowledge are provided to buyers. Page: 574 Learning Objective: 4 154. The best organizational structure to use when different buying organizations have different needs is a __________ sales organization. a) geographic b) customer c) product d) profit-based e) market size Ans: b Feedback: When different types of buyers have different needs, a customer sales organizational structure is used. The rationale for this approach is that more effective, specialized customer support and knowledge are provided to buyers. Page: 574 Learning Objective: 4 155. Kodak recently switched from a geographical to a marketing channel structure with different sales teams serving specific retail channels with different needs: mass merchandisers, photo specialty outlets and food and drug stores. In this example, Kodak uses which type of sales organization structure? a) Production b) Market size c) Customer d) Profit-based e) Geographic Ans: c Feedback: When different types of buyers have different needs, a customer sales organizational structure is used. The rationale for this approach is that more effective, specialized customer support and knowledge are provided to buyers. Page: 574 Learning Objective: 4 156. __________ is the practice of using team selling to focus on important customers so as to build mutually beneficial, long-term relationships. a) Relationship marketing b) Relationship selling c) Customer account management d) Key account management e) Team selling Ans: d Page: 574 Learning Objective: 4 157. __________ involves teams of sales, service and often technical personnel who work with purchasing, manufacturing, engineering, logistics and financial executives in customer organizations. a) Sales management b) Formula selling c) Adaptive selling d) Consultative selling e) Key account management Ans: e Feedback: Key account management involves teams of sales, service and often technical personnel who work with purchasing, manufacturing, engineering, logistics and financial executives in customer organizations. Page: 574 Learning Objective: 4 158. Asia Pacific Business and Industrial Systems Inc. structures its sales organization into communication and electronics, environmental systems, and special projects. Each of its salespeople was an expert on the items he or she sold. Its sales force was organized by __________. a) workload b) customer type c) geography d) product e) customer size Ans: d Feedback: When specific knowledge is required to sell certain types of products, then a product sales organization is used. Organizing the sales force by product enables the salesperson to develop special technical expertise in a product line, the situation here. Page: 574 Learning Objective: 4 159. The workload method of determining the size of a sales force is a __________. a) method of determining a fair and equitable compensation plan that includes more than simply sales revenue; it includes a weighted system for different types of items or different-sized territories b) method of identifying the target market that most closely meets the special skills of the sales force c) formula-based method for determining the size of a sales force that integrates the number of customers served, call frequency, call length and available selling time to arrive at a sales force size figure d) statement describing what is to be achieved and where and how the selling effort of salespeople is to be deployed e) graph-based method for determining when an internal sales force becomes more profitable than independent sales agents to sell a company's product(s) Ans: c Page: 576 Learning Objective: 4 160. The __________ is a common formula-based approach for determining the size of a sales force. a) sales response function b) account management method c) workhorse method d) reach-frequency method e) workload method Ans: e Page: 576 Learning Objective: 4 161. Which of the following is NOT a variable used in the workload method of determining sales force size? a) Number of customers b) Length of an average call c) Average yearly salary d) Average amount of selling time available per year e) Number of salespeople Ans: c Feedback: The workload method integrates the number of customers served, call frequency, call length and available selling time to arrive at a figure for the salesforce size. Page: 576 Learning Objective: 4 162. Diamond Line is a distributor of everything a florist needs to create a beautiful arrangement except the flowers. It sells to 10,000 flower and gift shops and 3,000 supermarkets nationwide. Each florist is called on four times a month and each supermarket is called on twice a month. A sales call to a florist takes one hour and a sales call to a supermarket takes two hours of selling time. An average salesperson spends 1,000 hours per year making sales calls. Calculate the number of salespeople Diamond Line needs to cover its account base. a) 52 b) 262 c) 312 d) 624 e) 879 Ans: d Feedback: NS = [(10,000 x 48 x 1) + (3,000 x 24 x 2)]/1000 = 624 salespeople Page: 576 Learning Objective: 4 163. __________ policies might state which individuals in a buying organization should be contacted, the amount of sales and service effort that different customers should receive and the kinds of information salespeople should collect before or during a sales call. a) Sales-response b) Territorial management c) Account management d) Customer contact e) Sales outline Ans: c Feedback: Account management policies might state which individuals in a buying organization should be contacted, the amount of sales and service effort that different customers should receive and the kinds of information salespeople should collect before or during a sales call. Page: 576 Learning Objective: 4 164. Which of the following activities is NOT a part of account management policies? a) Specifying whom salespeople should contact b) Determining the types of selling activities c) Preparing a job analysis d) Deciding how sales activities will be carried out e) Determining the types of customer services Ans: c Feedback: Account management policies might state which individuals in a buying organization should be contacted, the amount of sales and service effort that different customers should receive and the kinds of information salespeople should collect before or during a sales call. Preparing a job analysis is part of the sales plan implementation, not account management. Page: 576 Learning Objective: 4 165. When using an account management policy grid, an account would typically be assigned a light personal selling call frequency if it has a __________. a) high opportunity rating and the sales organization has a strong position b) low opportunity rating and sales organization has a strong position c) high opportunity rating and there is a likelihood that a strong sales position can be achieved d) low opportunity rating and the sales organization has a low competitive position e) high opportunity rating and the sales organization has strong position Ans: d Feedback: An account management policy grid may group customers according to the level of opportunity and a firm's competitive sales position. For accounts, which fall into Cell 4 (low account opportunity and low competitive position) of the policy grid, consideration should be given to replacing personal calls with telemarketing or direct mail. This is the situation in the example here. Page: 577, figure 20-7 Learning Objective: 4 166. When using an account management policy grid, an account would typically be assigned a high personal selling call frequency if it has a __________. a) high opportunity rating and the sales organization has a strong position b) low opportunity rating and sales organization has a strong position c) high opportunity rating and there is a likelihood that a strong sales position can be achieved d) low opportunity rating and the sales organization has a low competitive position e) high opportunity rating and the sales organization has strong position Ans: d Feedback: An account management policy grid may group customers according to the level of opportunity and a firm's competitive sales position. For accounts, which fall into Cell 1 (high account opportunity and high competitive position) of the policy grid, consideration should be given to high level of sales calls and service to retain and possible build accounts. This is the situation in the example here. Page: 577, figure 20-7 Learning Objective: 4 167. Which of the following is NOT a sales manager's task in the implementation stage of the sales management process? a) Salesforce organization b) Salesforce recruitment c) Salesforce training d) Salesforce motivation e) Salesforce compensation Ans: a Feedback: Sales force organization occurs in the sales plan formulation stage of the sales management process, not in the implementation phase. The sales plan implementation phase includes salesforce recruitment and selection, salesforce training and salesforce motivation and compensation. Page: 572, figure 20-4 Learning Objective: 3 168. The three major tasks involved in the implementation stage of the sales management process are __________. a) sales force recruitment and selection, sales force training and sales force motivation and compensation b) developing account management policies, implementing the account management policies, correcting the account management policies c) setting sales objectives, organizing the sales force and developing account management policies d) organizing the sales force, quantitative assessment and follow-up e) organizing the sales force, setting motivational sales quotas and evaluating the individual members of the sales force Ans: a Feedback: The three major tasks involved in implementing a sales plan are : (1) salesforce recruitment and selection, (2) salesforce training and (3) salesforce motivation and compensation. Page: 577 Learning Objective: 4 169. Emotional intelligence has five dimensions. They are __________, self-awareness, the ability to manage one's emotions and impulses, empathy and social skills. a) self-motivation b) the ability to psychoanalyze others c) personal hygiene d) personal habits e) a desire for power Ans: a Feedback: Emotional intelligence has five dimensions. They are self-motivation, self-awareness, the ability to manage one's emotions and impulses, empathy and social skills. Page: 587 Learning Objective: 4 170. Information from the __________ is used to write a job description. a) job compensation plan b) sales plan c) job analysis d) performance contract e) personal performance plan Ans: c Feedback: A job analysis is a study of a particular sales position, including how the job is to be performed and the tasks that make up the job. Information from the job analysis is used to write a job description, a written document that describes the job relationships and requirements that characterize each sales position. Page: 577 Learning Objective: 4 171. Applied to recruiting and selecting salespeople, a __________ explains to whom a salesperson reports and how a salesperson interacts with other company personnel. a) job description b) sales plan c) job analysis d) performance contract e) personal performance plan Ans: a Feedback: A job analysis is a study of a particular sales position, including how the job is to be performed and the tasks that make up the job. Information from the job analysis is used to write a job description, a written document that describes the job relationships and requirements that characterize each sales position. A job description explains to whom a salesperson reports, how a salesperson interacts with other company personnel, the customers to be called on, the specific activities to be carried out, the physical and mental demands of the job and the types of products and services to be sold. Page: 577 Learning Objective: 4 172. Applied to recruiting and selecting salespeople, a job description explains __________. a) to whom a salesperson reports b) how a salesperson interacts with other company personnel c) the customers to be called on d) the types of products and services to be sold e) all of the above Ans: e Feedback: A job analysis is a study of a particular sales position, including how the job is to be performed and the tasks that make up the job. Information from the job analysis is used to write a job description, a written document that describes the job relationships and requirements that characterize each sales position. A job description explains to whom a salesperson reports, how a salesperson interacts with other company personnel, the customers to be called on, the specific activities to be carried out, the physical and mental demands of the job and the types of products and services to be sold. Page: 577 Learning Objective: 4 173. The ability to understand one's own emotions and the emotions of people with whom one interacts on a daily basis is termed __________. a) empathetic intelligence b) emotional empathy c) emotional intelligence d) subliminal intelligence e) symbiotic empathy Ans: c Page: 578 Learning Objective: 4 174. Which of the following statements about salesforce training is true? a) Salesforce training is an ongoing process b) Salesforce training affects both new and seasoned salespeople c) Training new salespeople is an expensive process d) On-the job training is the most popular type of training. e) All of the above statements are true Ans: e Feedback: Whereas recruitment and selection of salespeople is a onetime event, salesforce training is an ongoing process that affects both new and seasoned salespeople. Training new salespeople is an expensive process. On-the-job training is the most popular type of training, followed by individual instruction taught by experienced salespeople. Page: 578 Learning Objective: 4 175. Which type of salesforce training is the most popular type of training? a) On-the-job training b) Individual instruction c) Formal classes d) Seminars taught by sales trainers e) Computer-based training Ans: a Feedback: On-the-job training is the most popular type of training, followed by individual instruction taught by experienced salespeople. Formal classes, seminars taught by sales trainers and computer-based training are also popular. Page: 578 Learning Objective: 4 176. To produce a motivated salesperson, research suggests all of the following need to be present EXCEPT __________. a) clear superior-subordinate relationships with supervisor b) sense of achievement c) effective sales management practices d) proper compensation, incentives or rewards e) clear job description Ans: a Feedback: Research suggests that (1) a clear job description, (2) effective sales management practices, (3) a personal need for achievement and (4) proper compensation, incentives or rewards will produce a motivated salesperson. Page: 578 Learning Objective: 4 177. Research on salesperson motivation suggests that what produces motivated salespeople is a __________, effective sales management practice, a sense of achievement and proper incentives and rewards. a) negative feedback from a superior now and then b) freedom to do one's own thing c) an unlimited expense account d) clear job description e) a higher-than-average salary Ans: d Feedback: Research suggests that (1) a clear job description, (2) effective sales management practices, (3) a personal need for achievement and (4) proper compensation, incentives or rewards will produce a motivated salesperson. Page: 578 Learning Objective: 4 178. With a __________, a salesperson is paid a fixed fee per week, month or year. a) sales response compensation plan b) combination compensation plan c) straight salary compensation plan d) straight commission compensation plan e) sales function compensation plan Ans: c Page: 578 Learning Objective: 4 179 When Joshua was hired to work for Panasonic he was told, "The sales training program is 18 weeks and we'll pay you $750 per week during that time". While in training, the company used a __________ to compensate Joshua for his time and effort. a) sales response compensation plan b) combination compensation plan c) straight salary compensation plan d) straight commission compensation plan e) sales function compensation plan Ans: c Feedback: Under a straight salary compensation plan, a salesperson is paid a fixed fee per week, month or year. This is the sales compensation plan used for Joshua. Page: 578 Learning Objective: 4 180. A straight commission compensation plan is a compensation plan __________. a) that assigns the same percentage of commission regardless of a product's size or value, frequency of sale or difficulty level of sales effort b) in which a salesperson is paid a specified salary plus a commission and/or bonus on sales or profits he or she generates c) for determining fair and equitable compensation that includes a weighted system for different types of items or different sized territories d) in which the salesperson is paid a fixed amount per week, month or year e) in which a salesperson's earnings are directly tied to the sales or profits he or she generates Ans: e Page: 578 Learning Objective: 4 181. With a __________, a salesperson's earnings are directly tied to sales or profits generated. a) sales response compensation plan b) combination compensation plan c) straight sales compensation plan d) straight commission compensation plan e) sales function compensation plan Ans: d Page: 578 Learning Objective: 4 182. When after completing an 18-week sales training program, Joshua was told, "You will be paid 4 percent on net dollar volume up to $10 million. Sales in excess of $10 million command a rate of 6 percent". The company Joshua works for is using a __________ for him after he completes his sales training program. a) sales response compensation plan b) combination compensation plan c) straight sales compensation plan d) straight commission compensation plan e) sales function compensation plan Ans: d Feedback: A compensation plan where a salesperson's earnings are directly tied to his sales or profit generated is called a straight commission compensation plan, the situation for Joshua after he completes sales training. Page: 578 Learning Objective: 4 183. With a __________, a salesperson is paid a specified salary plus a commission on sales or profits generated. a) sales response compensation plan b) combination compensation plan c) straight sales compensation plan d) straight commission compensation plan e) sales function compensation plan Ans: b Page: 578 Learning Objective: 4 184. The most frequently used type of compensation plan for salespeople is a __________. a) straight salary compensation plan b) straight commission compensation plan c) combination compensation plan d) weighted compensation plan e) delayed compensation plan Ans: c Feedback: Combination compensation plans are used by a majority of companies today. Page: 579 Learning Objective: 4 185. Rohto Pharmaceuticals is examining its selling strategy and one of the issues it believes needs attention is the role its sales staff has in undertaking sales support (non-selling) activities; yet it wants to keep the salespeople directed towards increasing sales for the next year. If you did NOT know which plan it presently uses, what advice would you give? a) Give a raise to every salesperson as a motivating tool b) Provide a base salary and a commission on sales generated c) Provide year-end bonuses to reward the sales force personnel who perform the best d) Offer straight salaries and give raises if the sales go up e) Offer straight commission and if sales improve, raise the commission rates Ans: b Feedback: Since not all desired results can be measured by sales generated, a salary base is needed to encourage the nonselling activities of the sales force, so the combination compensation plan in alternative b is the best alternative. Page: 578 Learning Objective: 4 186. Quantitative assessments of sales performance may be based on input-related objectives set forth in the sales plan, such as those involving __________. a) number of new accounts generated b) selling expenses c) orders produced compared with sales calls made d) sales produced e) all of the above Ans: b Feedback: Quantitative assessments of sales performance may be based on input-related objectives set forth in the sales plan, such as those involving sales calls, selling expenses and account management policies. Alternatives a, c and d describe output-related objectives. Page: 579 Learning Objective: 4 187. Quantitative assessments of sales performance may be based on input-related objectives set forth in the sales plan, such as those involving __________. a) number of new accounts generated b) sales calls c) orders produced compared with sale calls made d) sales produced e) all of the above Ans: b Feedback: Quantitative assessments of sales performance may be based on input-related objectives set forth in the sales plan, such as those involving sales calls, selling expenses and account management policies. Alternatives a, c and d describe output-related objectives. Page: 579 Learning Objective: 4 188. Quantitative assessments of sales performance may be based on input-related objectives set forth in the sales plan, such as those involving __________. a) number of new accounts generated b) number of reports submitted to superiors c) orders produced compared with sale calls made d) sales produced e) all of the above Ans: b Feedback: Quantitative assessments of sales performance may be based on input-related objectives set forth in the sales plan, such as those involving sales calls, selling expenses and account management policies. Alternatives a, c and d describe output-related objectives. Page: 579 Learning Objective: 4 189. Quantitative assessments of sales performance may be based on output-related measures, such as __________. a) sales calls made b) selling expenses c) number of reports submitted to superiors d) sales of specific products e) all of the above Ans: d Feedback: Quantitative assessments of sales performance may be based on output-related objectives set forth in the sales plan, such as dollar or unit sales volume, last year/current sales ratio, sales of specific products, new accounts generated and profit achieved are typical goals. Page: 579 Learning Objective: 4 190. Quantitative assessments of sales performance may be based on output-related measures, such as __________. a) sales calls made b) selling expenses c) number of reports submitted to superiors d) last year/current year sales ratio e) all of the above Ans: d Feedback: Quantitative assessments of sales performance may be based on output-related objectives set forth in the sales plan, such as dollar or unit sales volume, last year/current sales ratio, sales of specific products, new accounts generated and profit achieved are typical goals. Page: 579 Learning Objective: 4 191. Quantitative assessments of sales performance may be based on output-related measures, such as __________. a) sales calls made b) selling expenses c) number of reports submitted to superiors d) new accounts generated e) all of the above Ans: d Feedback: Quantitative assessments of sales performance may be based on output-related objectives set forth in the sales plan, such as dollar or unit sales volume, last year/current sales ratio, sales of specific products, new accounts generated and profit achieved are typical goals. Page: 579 Learning Objective: 4 192. Quantitative assessments of sales performance may be based on output-related measures, such as __________. a) sales calls made b) selling expenses c) number of reports submitted to superiors d) profit achieved e) all of the above Ans: d Feedback: Quantitative assessments of sales performance may be based on output-related objectives set forth in the sales plan, such as dollar or unit sales volume, last year/current sales ratio, sales of specific products, new accounts generated and profit achieved are typical goals. Page: 579 Learning Objective: 4 193. A sales quota contains goals, such as __________. a) sales produced b) accounts generated c) profit achieved d) sales of specific products e) all of the above Ans: e Feedback: Output measures often appear in a sales quota, which contains specific measures such as those involving dollar or unit sales volume, last year/current sales ratio, sales of specific products, new accounts generated and profit achieved. Page: 579 Learning Objective: 4 194. A __________ contains specific goals assigned to a salesperson, sales team, branch sales office or sales district for a stated time period. a) sales call report b) selling expense report c) sales quota d) last year/current year sales ratio report e) income statement Ans: c Page: 579 Learning Objective: 4 195. Behavioral measures used to evaluate salespeople include assessments of a salesperson's __________, attention to customers, product knowledge, selling and communication skills, appearance and professional demeanor. a) IQ b) attitude c) values d) beliefs e) family Ans: b Feedback: Behavioral measures used to evaluate salespeople include assessments of a salesperson's attitude, attention to customers, product knowledge, selling and communication skills, appearance and professional demeanor. Page: 579-580 Learning Objective: 4 196. As a sales manager you note that one of your salespeople has exceeded his sales target but is well below his profit goal. The best explanation for this performance is __________. a) the salesperson has not been working as hard as he should have b) the salesperson is selling too many high margin products c) the salesperson is selling too many low margin products d) the size of the salesperson's submitted orders is too small e) the size of the salesperson's submitted orders is too large Ans: c Feedback: It seems the salesperson is spending time and money selling lower margin products that produce a targeted average order size. It may very well be that he is actually expending effort selling more products to his customers. Unfortunately, the product mix yields lower gross margins, resulting in a lower profit. Page: 580 Learning Objective: 4 197. The use of technologies to make the sales function more effective and efficient is called __________. a) personal selling b) direct marketing c) salesforce automation d) decentralization e) account management policies Ans: c Page: 580 Learning Objective: 4 198. Which of the following is an example of a form of salesforce automation? a) Account analysis software b) Time management software c) Order processing software d) Proposal generation software e) All of the above Ans: e Feedback: Sales force automation (SFA) is the use of technology designed to make the sales function more effective and efficient. SFA applies to a wide range of activities, including each stage in the personal selling process and management of the salesforce itself. Page: 580 Learning Objective: 4 199. Pokka has completely replaced its old TDM PABX telephone system with a new telephone system based on IP telephony solutions. With this new_______, locating other users and transferring calls have become more convenient, and there is better voice quality on the phone. a) salesforce technology b) time management software c) order processing software d) proposal generation software e) all of the above Ans: a Feedback: Technology has become an integral part of field selling. Salespeople for Godiva Chocolates use their laptop computers to process orders, plan time allocations, forecast sales and communicate with Godiva personnel and customers. Page: 580 Learning Objective: 4 200. Hewlett-Packard recently shifted its entire U.S. sales force into home offices and saved US$10 million in staff salaries and office rent despite spending US$8,000 to equip each home office with a notebook computer, fax/copier, cellular phone, two phone lines and office furniture. Such decreased selling costs are among the benefits of __________. a) personal selling b) direct marketing c) sales force automation d) decentralization e) account management policies Ans: c Feedback: Sales force automation (SFA) is the use of technology designed to make the sales function more effective and efficient, the situation described here with HP. Page: 580 Learning Objective: 4 201. How does Dickenson (Boeing’s vice president of sales) manage to build close relationships with Boeing’s key customers? a) Frequent sales calls to airlines b) By a customer focused structure. c) By good publicity d) Heavy advertising e) The use of the unplanned sales call Ans: b Feedback: With a customer oriented approach, Boeing always makes sure that it has very close relationships with its clients. The sales staffs are told to keep ties with aviation officials, pilots and mechanics all over China. Boeing also helps Asian airlines in various areas. Page: 559, 581 Learning Objective: 4 202. Which of the following has helped Boeing achieve 67 percent market share in the Asia Pacific region? a) Close relationships with many airlines, even smaller ones b) Boeing helped Asian airlines set up maintenance systems, computerized parts-inventory control systems, safety programs, and in-flight training programs. c) Meticulous planning from top management d) A sales organization that focused on customer relationships e) All of the above helped Boeing achieve success in the Asia Pacific region. Ans: e Feedback: With a customer oriented approach, Boeing always makes sure that it has very close relationships with its clients. The sales staffs are told to keep ties with aviation officials, pilots and mechanics all over China. Boeing also helps Asian airlines in various areas. With Dickenson’s - vice-president of sales - dedication and thoroughness, Boeing has anchored its presence in Asia Pacific. Page: 559, 581 Learning Objective: 4 Short Answer 203. Explain the difference between personal selling and sales management. Ans: Personal selling involves the two-way flow of communication between a buyer and a seller, often in a face-to-face encounter, designed to influence a person's or group's purchase decision. Sales management involves planning the selling program and implementing and evaluating the personal selling effort of the firm. Page: 560 Learning Objective: 1 204. What are the three major roles of personal selling in a firm's overall marketing effort? Ans: Personal selling serves three major roles. First, salespeople are the critical link between the firm and its customers. Second, because salespeople are often the only personal contact a customer has with the company, salespeople are the company. That is, the salesperson represents what a company is and conveys an image to all buyers. Finally, personal selling may play a dominant role in firm's marketing program, as when a firm elects to use a push marketing strategy. Page: 561 Learning Objective: 1 205. Explain the difference between relationship selling and partnership selling. Ans: Relationship selling is the practice of building ties to customers based on a salesperson's attention and commitment to customer needs over time. Relationship selling involves mutual respect and trust among buyers and sellers. It focuses on creating long-term customers. Partnership selling goes a step further when buyers and sellers combine their expertise and resources to create customized solutions; commit to joint planning; and share customer, competitive and company information for their mutual benefit. Page: 562 Learning Objective: 1 206. Explain the difference between order takers and order getters. Ans: Order takers process routine orders or reorders for products that were already sold to the customer by the company. In addition, order takers are responsible for preserving an ongoing relationship with existing customers and maintaining sales. The two types of order takers are: **outside order takers who visit customers and replenish inventory **inside order takers who answer simple questions, take orders and complete transactions with customers. In general, order takers do little selling and often represent simple products that have few options. Order getters must identify prospective customers, provide customers with information, persuade customers to buy, close sales and follow up on customers' use of a good or service. Like order takers, order getters can be inside or outside. Order getting involves a high degree of creativity and customer empathy and typically is required for selling complex products. Page: 563-564 Learning Objective: 2 207. Explain the role of missionary salespeople and sales engineers in the selling process. Ans: Missionary salespeople do not directly solicit orders but rather concentrate on performing promotional activities and introducing new products. Sales engineers specialize in identifying, analyzing and solving customer problems. Both types of support personnel augment the selling effort of order getters by performing a variety of services. Page: 564-565 Learning Objective: 2 208. What are the six stages of the personal selling process? What is the objective of each stage? Ans: The personal selling process consists of six stages-prospecting, preapproach, approach, presentation, close and follow-up. The objective of prospecting is to search for and qualify prospects. The objective of the preapproach is to gather information. The objective of the approach is to gain prospect's attention and stimulate interest. The objective of the presentation is to create a desire for the product. The objective of the close is to obtain a purchase commitment. The objective of the follow-up is to ensure the customer is satisfied. Page: 567, figure 20-3 Learning Objective: 3 209. What are the keys to effective need-satisfaction presentations? Ans: The need-satisfaction format of sales presentation emphasizes probing and listening by the salesperson to identify needs and interests of prospective buyers. The responses provided by the prospect allow the salesperson to identify sales opportunities, which in turn allows the salesperson to tailor the presentation to the prospect and highlight product benefits that may be valued by the prospect. The need-satisfaction format, which emphasizes problem solving and customer solutions is the most consistent with the marketing concept and relationship building. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 210. What assumption does the stimulus-response presentation format make? Ans: The stimulus-response presentation format assumes that given the appropriate stimulus by a salesperson, the prospect will buy. The salesperson tries one appeal after another, hoping to hit the right button. Page: 569 Learning Objective: 3 211. During the presentation stage, a salesperson may encounter objections. What are the six basic types of objections and how should they be handled? Ans: Objections are excuses for not making a purchase commitment or decision. They may be valid and based on the characteristics of the product or they may be invalid, which reflects prospect skepticism or indifference to the product. The six techniques for handling objections are: **Acknowledge and convert the objection by using the objection as a reason for buying **Postpone an immediate response by informing the prospect that the objection will be dealt with later in the presentation **Agree and neutralize the objection by comparing relative benefits **Accept the objection as valid, probe the prospect for the reason behind it and attempt to stimulate further discussion on the objection **Deny a prospect's objection when it is based on misinformation or is untrue **Ignore the objection when it appears that it is a mere stalling mechanism or is clearly not important to the prospect. When using the above techniques salespeople must be courteous, ethical and professional in their manner. Page: 570 Learning Objective: 3 212. Explain what occurs during the closing stage of the selling process and list the three types of close. Ans: The closing stage in the selling process involves obtaining a purchase commitment from the prospect. Three closing techniques are used when a salesperson believes a buyer is ready to make a purchase. They are: **trial close **assumptive close **urgency close. Page: 570-571 Learning Objective: 3 213. Although firms may differ in the specifics of how salespeople are managed, the sales management process has many similarities across firms. Briefly describe the three interrelated functions of the sales management process. Ans: Sales management consists of three interrelated functions. Sales Plan Formulation. The sales plan is a statement describing what is to be achieved and where and how the selling effort of salespeople is to be deployed. Formulating the sales plan is the most basic of the three functions and involves three tasks—setting objectives, organizing the sales force and developing account management policies. Sales Plan Implementation. Sales plan implementation is the process of putting the tasks specified during formulation into practice. The three major tasks involved in implementing a sales plan are sales force recruitment and selection, sales force training and sales force motivation and compensation. Salesforce Evaluation. The evaluation function assesses how effective salespeople were in meeting sales objectives and following company policies. Quantitative measures such as selling expenses and sales calls and behavioral measures such as product knowledge and communication skills are frequently used. Page: 572, figure 20-4 Learning Objective: 4 214. Discuss the ethics of salespeople asking their customers for information about such things as the pricing and promotion strategies of the salesperson's competitors. Ans: Salespeople are a valuable source of information about what is happening in the marketplace. By working closely with customers and asking good questions, salespeople often have firsthand knowledge of customer problems and wants. They also are able to spot the activities of competitors. Gaining knowledge about competitors by asking customers for information is a ticklish ethical issue. Research indicates that 25 percent of U.S. salespeople engaged in business-to-business selling consider the practice of asking for competitive information unethical. The Japanese consider the practice to be more unethical than Americans. Page: 573 Learning Objective: 4 215. One of the first sales management decisions a firm must make is whether the company should build its own sales force or rely on independent agents such as manufacturers' representatives. Haiku Designs sells high-end furniture to retailers and needs to make this decision. Independent agents would receive a 5 percent commission on sales and company salespeople would receive a 3 percent commission, salaries and benefits. In addition, with company salespeople, sales administration costs would be incurred for a total fixed cost of $500,000 per year. At what sales level would independent salespeople be less costly? Ans: To answer the question Haiku Designs should set the total cost of the company salespeople equal to the total cost of independent agents: [0.03(X) + $500,000] = 0.05(X) where X = sales volume. Solving for X, sales volume equals $25 million, indicating that below $25 million in sales independent agents would be cheaper, but above $25 million a company salesforce would be cheaper. Page: 573 Learning Objective: 4 216. ABB is a Swiss-based manufacturer of industrial equipment with annual sales of US$30 billion. At one time, ABB had a sales force that sold only generators, one that only sold boilers, another that only sold transformers and so forth. Each of its salespeople was an expert on the product line he or she sold. Its sales force was organized by product. Then it adopted a customer organizational structure. Why might ABB have made this change? Ans: The rationale for a customer organizational structure is the ability to provide more specialized customer support and knowledge to buyers. Salespeople are able to develop an understanding of the industry in which their customers operate and help them more efficiently operate in that industry. With ABB, the industries its different salespeople specialize in might be electric power generation, chemical processing industries and gasoline refining. When ABB's sales force had a product organization, it might have received complaints from some customers who might have had to see a half-dozen different ABB salespeople in order to acquire the equipment needed for a complete industrial process system. So ABB hopes that its customer organizational structure will give its salespeople special expertise in their industry and reduce redundant sales calls on the same customer by several ABB salespeople. Page: 574 Learning Objective: 4 217. List the four things that research suggests will produce a motivated salesperson. Ans: a sales plan cannot be successfully implemented without motivated salespeople. Research on salesperson motivation suggests that: (1) a clear job description, (2) effective sales management practices, (3) a personal need for achievement and (4) proper compensation, incentives or rewards will produce a motivated salesperson. Page: 578 Learning Objective: 4 218. Explain why the training scheme of Shah and Company failed. Ans: First, the new training program was not complete as it focused only on the younger salespeople. Second, salespeople had to work with suppliers who were not well equipped or totally ignorant about the new concepts introduced in the training program. For the training scheme to work, there was a need to include suppliers in the training program. Third, the older salespeople thought that the management was just wasting its time, resources and energy on the training program. They strongly felt that the packages of “off-the-job” training did not make any psychological impact on them or their work performance. Finally, salespeople were very reluctant to stay back and undergo training after their working hours. Page: 585 Learning Objective: 4 What is the role of personal selling in marketing?Personal selling minimizes wasted effort, promotes sales, and boosts word-of-mouth marketing. Also, personal selling measures marketing return on investment (ROI) better than most tools, and it can give insight into customers' habits and their responses to a particular marketing campaign or product offer.
For which of the following products would personal selling play a dominant role?Personal selling would play a dominant role in companies that sell inexpensive products such as plastic toys.
What is personal selling and what role does it play within the marketing mix?Personal selling happens when companies and business firms send out their salesmen to use the sale force and sell the products and services by meeting the consumer face – to – face. The salesmen aim to inform and encourage the customer to buy, or at least try the product.
What are 4 types of personal selling?Those would be:. Transactional selling.. Solution selling.. Consultative selling.. Provocative selling.. |
