Java Keywords or Reserved Words (52)for jdk1.4abstractdoifpackagesynchronizedbooleandoubleimplementsprivatethisbreakelseimportprotectedthrowbyteextendsinstanceofpublicthrowscasefalseintreturntransientcatchfinalinterfaceshorttruecharfinallylongstatictryclassfloatnativestrictfpvoidconstfornewsupervolatilecontinuegotonullswitchwhiledefaultassertKeywords for data types are: Show boolean byte char int long short float double Keywords for access control are: private protected public Keywords for modifiers are: abstract final native private protected public static transient synchronized volatile strictfp Keywords for catch-exception are: try catch finally throw Keywords for loops or decision-makers are: break case continue default do while for switch if else Keywords for class functions are: class extends implements import instanceof new package return interface this throws void super Keywords for assigned values are: true false null Outdated keywords are: const goto In this tutorial, we will Explore the Java Keywords List and learn about some Important Reserved Words, their Meaning along with Examples: Keywords in Java are the reserved words that act as a key to the code. As these words are predefined, they cannot be used for any other purpose like variable name or object name or any other identifier. Java has around 51 reserved words or keywords. In this tutorial, we will discuss the list of keywords in Java. Then we will take up some of the important keywords in Java and see their meaning along with the programming examples. => Check Here To See A-Z Of Java Training Tutorials. What You Will Learn:
 Java Keyword ListGiven below is a list of all the keywords in Java. In this list, we have also included the keywords that are no longer used in Java. KeywordDescriptionabstractIndicates the class or method that follows this keyword is abstract and that will have to be implemented by a subclass.assertAssert keyword helps the programmer to declare assertions or assumptions in a program. If an assertion is true, program progresses normally otherwise the AssertionError is thrown at runtime and program aborts.booleanDefines two values, true or false.breakUsed to break out of loops or iterative constructs.byteData type capable of holding 8-bit data.caseMarks blocks of text (cases) in a Switch statement.catchUsed to catch exceptions generated in the try block.charData type able to hold unsigned 16-bit Unicode characters.classUsed to declare a new class.continueIt helps to take control outside the loop and continue to the next iteration.defaultDefines the “block of code” that will execute by default in a Switch statement.doStarting keyword for “do-while” loop.doubleData type holding 64-bit numbers (floating-point).elseDefines else part in the ‘if’ statements.enumUsed to declare enumerations in Java.extendsIndicates inheritance. A class is derived or inherited from another class.finalDefines a variable which will hold constant values or a method that cannot be overridden.finallyDefines the finally block that executes after the try-catch block irrespective of whether the exception was caught or not.floatData type able to hold 32-bit floating-point values.forIndicates the start of a ‘for’ loop.ifStart of ‘if’ statement.implementsIndicates that a class implements an interface.importUsed to include or reference other packages/classes into the program.instanceofUsed to check if the given object is an instance of another class.intData type to hold a 32-bit integer value.interfaceUsed for declaring an interface.longData type holding 64-bit integer values.nativeUsed to indicate native code (platform-specific).newOperator to create a new object.nullIndicates null reference.packageKeyword to declare Java package.privateIndicates private access specified which means a variable or method can be accessed only by the class in which it is declared.protectedThis keyword indicates a protected access specifier. When a variable or method is protected then that variable or method can be accessed only by the class they are declared in, its subclass, and other classes in the same package.publicThe public keyword is used to indicate public access specifier. A variable, method, classes, interfaces declared as public can be accessed throughput the application.returnReturn is used to send back the value of a method to the calling method. It also is used to return the control to the calling method.shortData type holding 16-bit integer number values.staticThe static keyword indicates the method or a variable is static and cannot be instantiated.strictfpThe keyword strictfp restricts the rounding and precision of floating point values calculation. It ensures portability.superIndicates base or superclass of the class.switchIndicates a Switch statement that tests a condition and executes multiple cases depending on the test value.synchronizedIndicates synchronized sections for multithreaded code like critical section.thisThe keyword ‘this’ indicates the current object.throwThrows an exception.throwsThis indicates the exception that can be thrown by a method.transientSpecifies transient variable that is not part of the persistent state of an object.tryTry keywords start a block that contains code that might raise exceptions.voidIndicates no return value.volatileUsed to define variables that are not stored in Main Memory. They can be changed asynchronously.whileKeyword while starts a while loop.constThe ‘const’ keyword is no more supported in JavagotoThe ‘goto’ keyword is no more supported in Javatrue, false and nullThe words “true, false, null” are literals. Still, we cannot use them as identifiers in the program. We will discuss the below keywords in a separate tutorial as they have a great significance as far as Java programming is concerned. These words are: #1) “this” keyword The keyword “this” points to the current object in the program. Also Read => Java ‘THIS’ Keyword With Code Examples #2) “static” keyword A static keyword is a keyword that is used to indicate an object that cannot be instantiated. So if we have a static method, then it need not be called using an object. It can be called just using a class name. Similarly, if we have a static variable, then its value is preserved throughout the program. #3) “super” keyword The “super” keyword in Java is used to refer to the objects of the immediate parent class. The parent class is also referred to as “Superclass”. We will explore the details of the super keyword while discussing inheritance in our OOPS tutorial series. #4) “final” keyword The keyword “final” is used with variables, methods, or classes. A final variable is a constant variable. A final method is a method that cannot be overridden. A final class is a class that cannot be inherited or extended. We will discuss the final one in detail in our OOPS tutorial series. Now let’s implement a program wherein we will use these important keywords in Java. import java.util.*;
class MyClass {
int i;
MyClass() {
System.out.println("MyClass:: Default Constructor");
}
MyClass(int j) {
this(); //calling statement to First Constructor
System.out.println("MyClass:: Parameterized Constructor");
}
//static method
static void methodOne() {
System.out.println("MyClass:: static methodOne");
}
//final method
final void methodTwo() {
System.out.println("MyClass:: Final methodTwo");
System.out.println("MyClass::Calling methodOne from methodTwo"); //Accessing same class field
this.methodOne(); //Accessing same class method
}
//regular method
void methodThree() {
System.out.println("MyClass::MethodThree"); //Accessing same class field
System.out.println("MyClass::Calling methodTwo from methodThree");
this.methodTwo(); //Accessing same class method
}
}
class MyDerivedClass extends MyClass{
void methodThree(){
System.out.println("MyDerivedClass::methodThree");
System.out.println("MyDerivedClass::Calling methodThree from MyClass");
super.methodThree(); //calling regular method
super.methodTwo(); //calling final method
super.methodOne(); //calling static method
}
//void methodOne(){} //overriding final method gives compiler error
//void methodTwo(){} //overriding final method gives compiler error
}
public class Main{
public static void main(String[] args){
MyClass.methodOne(); //call static method from MyClass
MyDerivedClass d1 = new MyDerivedClass ();
d1.methodOne(); //call static method from MyDerivedClass
d1.methodTwo(); //call final method from MyDerivedClass
d1.methodThree();
}
}As shown in the above program, the first keyword we have used is import followed by many other keywords like class, int, etc. The main keywords in this program are this, static, final, and super. We have used this keyword in the second constructor to call the first constructor. The parent class MyClass has a static method and a final method declared in it. In the derived class – MyDerivedClass, we override a regular method methodThree. Note that we also try to override methodOne and methodTwo but the compiler gives an error as they are static and final methods respectively. Note the commented code. In the main class, we first call the static class using MyClass and then create a derived class object. Note that no error is given even while calling static and final methods using the derived class objects. Output Note the colored output. This entire output is the result of calling methods using the derived class objects. Frequently Asked QuestionsQ #1) What is the use of Keywords in Java? Answer: Keywords are also called as Reserved words. These are the words that the programming language uses for internal processing and pre-defined actions. Thus programming language doesn’t allow these keywords to be used by the programmer as identifiers or variable names etc. Despite that, if we use these keywords it will result in a compiler error. Q #2) How many Keywords are present in Java? Answer: Java has a total of 51 keywords that have predefined meaning and are reserved for use by Java. Out of these 51 keywords, 49 keywords are currently used while the remaining 2 are no more used. Q #3) What is the difference between integer and int? Answer: Both int and Integer store integer values. But ‘int’ is a keyword that is a primitive data type int. An integer is a class type. Integer converts int into an object and vice versa. Q #4) Is null a keyword in Java? Answer: No. Null is not a keyword in Java but it is literal. Yet, we cannot use it for declaring identifiers. Q #5) Is new a keyword in Java? Answer: Yes, new is a keyword in Java. The new keyword is used to create a new object and allocate memory to this new object on the heap. Apart from the class objects, we also use the new keyword to create array variables and allocate memory. ConclusionIn this tutorial, we have discussed various keywords used in Java. Java supports a total of 51 keywords out of which 49 keywords are currently used and 2 are not currently used. Of these keywords, four keywords i.e. this, static, super, and final are important keywords that need special attention. ‘This’ keyword points to the current object. The static keyword is used to indicate the instantiation that is not needed. The super keyword is used to refer to the parent class and the final keyword is used to indicate the constant or non-inheritance. What are the Java programming language keywords?Java Language Keywords. How many keywords are in Java programming?In the Java programming language, a keyword is any one of 67 reserved words that have a predefined meaning in the language. Because of this, programmers cannot use keywords in some contexts, such as names for variables, methods, classes, or as any other identifier.
Which of the following is a valid Java keyword?Which is a valid keyword in java? Explanation: interface is a valid keyword.
Which of the following list contains keywords related to Java?class, if, void, long, Int, continue B. goto, instanceof, native, finally, default, throws C. try, virtual, throw, final, volatile, transient D. strictfp, constant, super, implements, do E.
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